Over the millions of years since the birth of life on earth, humanity has gone from hairy creatures with an atrophied speech apparatus and tiny brain to a developed society with educated and cultural individuals.
Instruction manual
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During this time, more than once attempts have been made, based on various criteria, to divide the history of humanity into significant stages. For example, it was proposed to define stages based on the method of providing life. Namely, from collecting roots for subsistence and hunting for wild animals to their domestication; from the development of land for cultivated plants to trade and industrial production.
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The Marxist system of periodization in the history of mankind is based on differences in forms of ownership. The primitive communal formation, as the earliest period in the formation of human relations, developed from the primitive commune to the late primitive community. At the beginning of the first millennium BC. e. it was replaced by a slave formation, and from I to XVII century. n e. two classes arose in society — landowners and peasants working for them. This type of society was called feudalism and was more progressive in comparison with the slave system. In parallel with feudalism and on its basis, starting from the 14th century, a capitalist formation developed based on the priority of private property. The last formation that humanity has survived is socialist. It should be noted that the evolution of society with each new formation is accelerating.
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The most famous system of dividing the history of mankind by epoch.
About two million years ago, when the primate first realized its essence and separated from the animal world, a primitive society arose. It is difficult to say what caused this. Scientists suggest that in conditions of "draining" the climate, humanity had to adapt to living conditions in open treeless spaces, and this led to a struggle for survival with other species. People were forced to unite, which led to the appearance of oral speech and the development of thinking. It was at this time that a person mastered the tools and the ability to walk upright.
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After a primitive society about forty centuries ago, the formation of states and class societies became decisive in history. Thus began the history of the most famous civilizations of the ancient world. During this period writing begins, the education system is formed. The most famous temples and sculptures, preserved to this day, appeared precisely in this period. For example, you can cite the pyramids in Egypt, the famous and majestic temple of Luxor in Greece, the Colosseum.
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The history of the Middle Ages began in the V century with the fall of the Roman Empire. The name of this time means the gap between ancient antiquity and new time. At this time, the church becomes both a carrier of culture and a center of education, and a punishing sword for everything that contradicted its foundations. In the Middle Ages, homiletics was born, as the science of Christian church conversations (sermons).
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The history of modern times began about 3 centuries ago. This is an era of tremendous upheavals in the political, economic, social spheres of life, an era that has changed the world of geographical discoveries. From the beginning of the 20th century to the present, the newest time lasts. And all the changes in this era, we can not only observe, but also participate in them.
