Significant person in the history of Russia, arousing interest among historians, artists, writers and directors. The man whose prototype served as the basis for the creation of a number of films, plays and books. An example of courage, heroism, valor and honor is Alexander Vasilievich Kolchak.
Biography and personal life
Little Sasha Kolchak was born in the northern capital, in the hereditary noble family of Major General and Don Cossack on November 4, 1874. Alexander received his education in the classical male gymnasium, and then (since 1888) at the Naval College. It was there that Kolchak's significant abilities for military affairs and an inexplicable interest in travel and marine research were manifested.
The first exit to the sea at the future vice admiral of Russia took place in 1890 aboard the frigate "Prince Pozharsky". For three long months, Kolchak honed his skills and gained experience in navigation. After training trips to the sea, Alexander independently filled up the missing knowledge on oceanography, hydrology and maps of underwater currents off the coast of Korea.
After graduating from the Naval College, Lieutenant Alexander Kolchak filed a report on maritime service in the Pacific Fleet garrison, where he was sent by the leadership.
Since 1900, Alexander devoted several years to polar expeditions on research expeditions. After losing contact with his missing like-minded people, Kolchak filed an application to finance their official search and was able to return to the waters of the Arctic Ocean. For participation in the rescue expedition, he later receives the Imperial Order of the “Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir” of the 4th degree and becomes a member of the Russian Geographical Society.
At the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War, Kolchak was transferred from a scientific academy to the Naval War Department and sent to serve as the commander of the destroyer Angry in the Pacific Fleet. However, after a six-month defense of Port Arthur, his soldiers were still forced to surrender their positions, and Kolchak himself was captured by the wounded by the Japanese. A little later (in 1905), thanks to the courage and courage shown in the war, the Japanese command gave Alexander freedom and he was able to return to Russia, where he received a nominal gold saber and a silver medal "In memory of the Russian-Japanese war."
After a six-month vacation, he again engaged in research work, the results of which helped to gain respect among scientists and the first in the history of Russia to receive the “Golden Konstantinovsky Medal”.
But Kolchak could not forget the defeat in the Russian-Japanese war. He kept looking for explanations for the failures and found them, setting out theses about the flaws in the defensive ability of sea vessels during his speech in the State Duma. After such bold statements, he leaves the service at the Naval General Staff and until 1915 moves to the educational sphere, becoming a teacher at the Naval Academy. Then he returns to the command staff and goes to the Baltic Fleet, where he shows his courage and tactical and strategic planning skills to eliminate enemy ships. Thanks to this, in 1916, he received the rank of vice admiral and was appointed commander of the Black Sea Fleet. Kolchak clearly coped with the tasks. The plans of the young admiral - many operations to clear the Black Sea from the enemy. But the admiral’s brilliant strategic ideas were not destined to come true - the February Revolution of 1917 begins. And as the admiral did not seek to retain information about her, mass protests nevertheless reached the Crimea.
In June 2017, the admiral was removed from the leadership of the Black Sea Fleet. At this time, Kolchak was invited to America and England as a military expert on submarines, which became beneficial to the leadership. Strongly correct Kolchak will be sent abroad for a long time.
In September 1918 he returned to Russia, to Vladivostok. There he receives an offer to lead the fight against the Bolsheviks and becomes the Minister of War of the Directory. At his disposal is a significant part of the entire gold reserve of Russia, thanks to which he qualitatively provides his 150, 000th army. However, the overwhelming majority of the Reds, as well as the betrayal of the Allies, lead to the inevitable arrest of Kolchak (1920). He spent only a few days in the prison of Irkutsk, where he adequately withstands all interrogations of investigators of the Cheka, without giving a single surname of like-minded people.
By personal order of Lenin, Alexander Kolchak was shot at 2 a.m. on February 7, 1920, while the remnants of his army approached Irkutsk. The admiral's body was thrown into the hole.
