Great Britain is a unitary state with a parliamentary monarchy in which Queen Elizabeth II leads the United Kingdom and another 15 countries that are members of the independent Commonwealth. It is not entirely true that monarchs occupy a symbolic role in the political system of Great Britain, but the constitution and existing parties are still its foundation.
Instruction manual
1
The British Parliament is based on the Westminster system, which implies a parliamentary system of government based on democracy. The British Parliament is divided into two houses, which sit in the Palace of Westminster. This is the famous House of Commons and the House of Lords.
2
Any document adopted by them necessarily passes through the Royal Sanction procedure before becoming a valid law. The Parliament of Great Britain is the only legislative institution in the country, since such government bodies of Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales are not sovereign and can be abolished.
3
The head of government is the prime minister, who is elected by decision of members of the House of Commons. Usually they become the leader of the most popular political party. After the vote, the Prime Minister receives an official appointment by decision of the monarch, after which the current government is formed, and now Her Majesty’s government. At the same time, the cabinet is appointed only at the request of the prime minister.
4
The country's political system is a three-party scheme consisting of conservatives, Labor and liberal democrats. The remaining government entities are very small. For example, in 2010, these three parties won 622 out of 650 possible seats in the House of Commons. The Liberal Democrats Party is the third most popular in the country and was formed in 1988, the Labor Party, or Workers' Party, has its history since 1900, and the Conservative Party is the oldest since the 70s of the 17th century.
5
Absolutely all party formations of Great Britain, of which there are eight, are divided into 5 categories. So the "ecologists" or "greens", or the Green Party of England and Wales, together with the communists or "democratic left" form the so-called "left" direction; The workers', or Socialist, party belongs to the center-left; Liberal democracies, or the Liberal Party - to the centrists; “conservatives, ” or representatives of the Conservative Party, to the center-right, while the United Kingdom’s Independence Party, or the “Eurosceptic” party, along with the British National Party, or the nationalist party, to the ultra-right.
note
It is believed that another non-governmental force, trade unions, also has a great influence on the political life of Misty Albion.
