All the townspeople love the green reserves that adorn the cities. We will talk about the oldest and most modern versions of man-made corners of wildlife.
Primitive man was part of the environment. The only thing he could influence was the conditions in his home. Getting food was a daunting task. The desire to know exactly where to eat plants suitable for food, gave rise to the idea of managing plantings near the habitat of his family.
Already at the time of the first states, wildlife in its original form became alien to people. Artificially created agricultural land was much more familiar to them. The development of civilization has given rise to many varieties of cultural green spaces.
May Garden (2019). Artist Zinaida Chernyshova
Gardens Historical excursion
The name of this variant of planting comes from a verb meaning a purposeful cultivation of trees and shrubs. Our ancestors, wanting to simplify their lives, cleared the areas where plants were transplanted that gave edible fruits. Knowledge of the natural sources of provisions and medicines has been multiplied. The habitual flora in the gardens was supplemented by specimens delivered from distant lands. Curiosities were attracted not only by their properties, but also by their appearance. People visited the gardens not only to work on the land, but also to relax.
Today, there are such types of gardens:
- fruit;
- meadow (similar to the first for its purpose, but adapted for the operation of agricultural machinery);
- botanical;
- decorative.
Nikitsky Botanical Garden. Crimea, Russia
The emergence of botanical gardens, we owe Italian Renaissance physicians. In Russia, Peter I made a significant contribution to the cultivation of medicinal herbs. In 1706, he ordered the creation of the first "pharmacy garden" in Moscow. Later this idea was adopted by educational institutions.
Curious Facts About Gardens
The most famous gardens are the Hanging Gardens of Babylon - one of the 7 wonders of the world. They were a gift from the Babylonian king to their wife. Vladyka ordered to plant the plants brought from his homeland by his wife on the terraces of his palace. Unfortunately, this unique object has not been preserved to this day.
The career of many scientists and their discoveries are closely related to the botanical gardens. Initially, they were used as platforms for observing the flora. Today in the English Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, the Millennium Seed Bank project is being implemented. Within its framework, planting material is collected for all plants known to science for their subsequent conservation as a collection and reserve in case of the need to revive individual populations.
Reanji Stone Garden. Kyoto, Japan
The decorative garden does not always use living objects as the main elements. Rock gardens are popular in Japan, where the central part of the composition is occupied by uncouth boulders of various shapes and sizes. The space around the main characters can be simply covered with pebbles. In the Buddhist tradition, such a courtyard decoration symbolizes the sea and islands and is often present in the courtyards of temples.
Squares. Historical excursion
The first cities served as our refuge for our ancestors, where every detail was supposed to be functional. The surrounding forest settlements made it possible not to be afraid that the air would be dirty, concern for the preservation of their own shoes forced fanatically to cover with cobblestones every section of the pavement, or square. Occasionally, a particular tree, or bush, with which an interesting story was connected, or magical beliefs, was left to grow. It was a prototype of what is today called a square.
Square sports ground. Shanghai China
Cities grew, environmental problems became more and more. Soon, smog over the streets began to seriously disturb pedestrians. Plots of the size not exceeding 2 hectares were called upon to solve the landscaping problem, where there were green spaces and comfortable benches for rest. The square differs from the park in its miniature size and location in the town square, or at the crossroads. Its name comes from the English word "area". To complement the ensemble of this corner of nature can:
- flower beds;
- sculptural compositions;
- lawns.
