The famous British philosopher, mathematician and public figure Bertrand Russell became famous as a prose writer. Russell wrote scientific papers on mathematical logic, the theory of knowledge, and philosophy. He is called the founder of British neopositivism and unrealistic.
The father of the future leader was Prime Minister Lord Ambley. Other relatives of Bertrand Arthur William Russell were also distinguished by their high status and education.
The beginning of a scientific career
The biography of the scientist began in 1872. The child was born on May 18 in Trilleck, the estate of Ravenscroft County Monmautshire. The boy’s parents passed away early. Three grandchildren were brought up by a grandmother. She provided all of them with an excellent education. Bertrand in childhood showed brilliant ability in mathematics. In 1889, he entered Trinity College at Cambridge.
In 1894, a gifted young man received a bachelor of arts degree. Russell studied empiricism, studied the works of John Locke and David Hume. In 1895, the young man was admitted to the college’s scientific community, and two years later he successfully defended his dissertation “On the Foundations of Geometry”.
Russell, after completing his studies as British honorary attache, visited Paris, Berlin, USA. In his homeland, Russell presented Cambridge lectures with his book A Critical Interpretation of Leibniz Philosophy.
In 1900, the figure participated in the Philosophical Congress, held in Paris. Based on the work of Giuseppe Peano and Gottlieb Frege, he wrote the book "Principles of Mathematics", where he presented his own interpretation of symbolic logic. The publication of the work took place in 1903 and made the author famous.
The philosopher conducted his study of the one in logic and mathematics from 1910 to 1913. The result was a three-volume work of "Basic Mathematics". In a work written with Whitefade, the authors argued that philosophy interprets all natural disciplines, making logic the basis for any research. Scientists separated philosophy from theology and ethics, making it the scientific basis for the analysis of the phenomenon.
Recognition and Merit
The main authors deduced empirical, calling everything else subjective. Continuing his reflections on this subject, Russell concluded that the method of cognition was unique. In 1904, a scientist lectured at Harvard, published in a separate work. In them, the author discussed the evidence of experience in philosophy and the meaning of hypotheses.
In 1918, An Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy was written. In the twenties, the scientist published "Analysis of Thinking", "Fundamentals of Atom", "Fundamentals of Relativity", "Analysis of Matter".
During a trip to Asia, the philosopher taught at the University of Beijing and wrote the work "The Problem of China." From 1924 to 1931, Russell lectured in the United States. In America, the activist lived since 1935. He was appointed professor at City College in New York. In his lectures, he predicted an increase in the importance of cinema, the press, and radio.
After returning to England, Bertrand again began working at Trinity College, and lectured on the radio. Russell was awarded the Order of Merit. The Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the scientist for his unpopular essays published in 1950.
Often, the philosopher as a speaker participated in thematic conferences. An active scientist advocated for nuclear disarmament since 1954. Russell joined the Committee of 100. In 1962, the leader wrote to Kennedy and Khrushchev about the need for peace talks on the Caribbean crisis.
Family and vocation
Since 1963, the scientist’s attention has been attracted by the work of the Atlantic Peace Fund and his own organization aimed at ending the nuclear race.
Despite an active scientific and social position, the scientist did not forget about his personal life. Married activist was 4 times. His first wife was Alice Smith. Russell met his future wife while studying at Trinity College.
In a young family, disagreements began almost immediately after the marriage. The union quickly collapsed. Russell began several new novels, culminating in breaks.
In 1916, began a long-term fascination with actress Constance Malleson, which lasted three decades.
