Nikolai Amosov is a brilliant cardiac surgeon, academician, scientist and writer. The first doctor in the Soviet Union, who began to perform heart surgery and founded the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery. He dreamed of defeating aging and creating artificial intelligence. Saved so many human lives that it would be enough to populate the whole city. This person developed a system of health restoration and himself was an example of the fact that physical activity prolongs life and creates a margin of safety in the human body.
early years
Nikolai Mikhailovich Amosov was born on December 6, 1913 in the village of Olkhovo, near the city of Cherepovets. All his ancestors were peasants. The mother of the future scientist, Elizaveta Kirillovna, worked all her life as a midwife. In 1914, Nikolai’s father went to war, was captured, and after returning left his family. They lived very poorly. Amosov's mother never took an extra penny from her patients. This became an example for Nikolai for life. After graduating from high school, the young man entered the Forestry College and learned to be a mechanic. Then Kolya worked for three years in Arkhangelsk as a mechanic at a power plant. Nikolai was very fond of inventing new mechanisms, but he lacked education. In 1934, the young man entered the All-Union Correspondence Industrial Institute in Moscow. As a student, Amosov invented an airplane project with a steam turbine. The project was not approved, but the young inventor graduated with honors.
Kohl entered the medical institute to avoid military service. But soon he became seriously interested in medicine, he was fascinated by physiology, but the place was only in surgery. For the first year of training, Nikolai completed two courses at once. Along with training, Amosov already taught students and schoolchildren. In 1939 he graduated with honors from a medical institute and got a job as a surgeon in his hometown of Cherepovets.
War
In 1941, the war began. Amosov was appointed chief surgeon at the Field Mobile Hospital. In this position, he went through the entire war on the Western, Bryansk, Belorussian and Far Eastern fronts. Working as a military surgeon, Amosov gained vast experience, successfully operated on wounds to the chest, fractures of the hip and joints. Over the years of the war, he collected material for a Ph.D. thesis on "On wounds to the knee joint."
After the war, Amosov was accepted to the post of chief surgeon and head of the department in the Bryansk regional hospital.
He liked the work, he did many complex operations on all parts of the body. There he developed his own technique for lung resection and in four years of work he performed more operations than all surgeons in the Union. But the doctor considered each death a personal defeat. Amosov dreamed of creating an artificial mind with which people could be healed. Nikolai Mikhailovich defended his dissertation "Resection of the lungs with tuberculosis" in Gorky (now - Nizhny Novgorod) in 1948.
Work in Kiev
In 1952, Amosov moved to Kiev. He is invited to head the clinic of thoracic surgery, created at the Institute of Tuberculosis and Thoracic Surgery.
In 1957, an important event took place. Nikolai Mikhailovich went to the congress of surgeons in Mexico. There, he watched a heart operation with a heart-lung machine. In the Soviet Union, it was not possible to acquire such an apparatus. And then his engineering knowledge came in handy for Amosov, he began to develop his project. After conducting numerous experiments on dogs, and then on patients, the heart-lung machine Amosov gave positive results and made him a world-famous surgeon.
In 1962, Amosov began writing a diary, which was then reprinted in the book Thoughts and Heart. This work has gained immense popularity and has been translated into 30 different languages. Then Amosov continued to write and soon his next books were published: Notes from the Future, BCP 2266 (Notes of a Field Surgeon), Meditations on Health, A Book on Happiness and Misfortunes, Overcoming Old Age, and many other works. In 1983, the Amosov Clinic became the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery. More than 7, 000 lung resections, about 96, 000 heart operations, including 36, 000 with a cardiopulmonary bypass, were performed at this institution.
In 1985, Nikolai Mikhailovich began to have serious heart problems. Everything affected: a difficult childhood and youth, war, tension from hours-long operations. He refused traditional treatment, began to apply physical activity. But, unfortunately, a year later a pacemaker was sewn into him. In 1988, he resigned as director of the Institute, and four years later ceased to operate.
At the age of 79, Amosov continued to run, perform gymnastics and exercises with dumbbells, gradually increasing the load. He jogged at least five kilometers, then did gymnastics for two hours, performing 2500 movements with dumbbells every day. The surgeon believed that during exercise, you need to bring the pulse to 140 beats per minute, then they will benefit. According to Amosov, the recovery system should consist of three components: nutrition with a minimum amount of fat, active physical education and management of your psyche. For three months he achieved excellent results and felt in good shape.
But in 1998, the disease began to progress. Amosov was sent to be operated on in Germany. The best doctors in this area have used all the possibilities of cardiac surgery. They were able to extend the life of Nikolai Mikhailovich only for a short time. Amosov died on December 12, 2002 due to an extensive myocardial infarction. He was buried in Kiev, at the Baykovsky cemetery.
Nikolai Mikhailovich was awarded many prestigious awards for his work. His contribution to world science is invaluable. He left behind more than four hundred scientific papers, as well as the school of cardiac surgery founded by him. This is a legendary man, the genius of world medicine, who saved thousands of human lives.
