Church modernity in modern times is the beginning of the liturgical year. In the Orthodox Church there is a certain holiday, called the Beginning of the indica (this is the church new years). According to the modern calendar, this day falls on September 14th. Accordingly, the old style of celebrating this date is September 1. Earlier, when the Church was not separated from the state, in Russia the New Year itself was celebrated on the first of September.
The liturgical year of Orthodox Christians begins in the fall. This tradition corresponds to both liturgical and calendar Old Testament practices. On the first day of September, a passage from the Gospel is read at the Divine Liturgy, which tells about the preaching of Jesus Christ in the synagogue of Nazareth. The text of the Gospel tells us that Christ, opening the book of the prophet Isaiah, read the words of the anointed to the audience, the purpose of which was to preach salvation. It is under the sign of this prophecy that the church new year stands.
The Moscow Cathedral in 1492 decided to start counting the year in Russia from September 1 instead of March 1. The very date of September 1 (as the beginning of the year) became official far beyond the borders of Russia and in more ancient times. So, the beginning of a new chronology on the first day of autumn was laid by the emperor Constantine the Great, having gained victory over Maxentius on September 1, 312. After this date, Christians were given freedom to practice their faith. The fathers of the First Ecumenical Council, held in Nicaea in 325, in memory of this event decided to celebrate the New Year on September 1 - it was a day of freedom for Christians.
Historically, in Russia, the new year was celebrated on September 1 until 1699. In 1699, Peter the Great issued a decree on postponing the New Year to January 1. However, in the church service the follow-up of the new summer (year) is still listed under September 1 (old style). In a new style, this date falls on September 14th.
Starting from the 4th century, the entire liturgical (liturgical) life of the Church is inextricably linked with the Julian church calendar. It is this calendar that is still adhered to by the Russian Orthodox Church, the monasteries of Athos, the Orthodox Churches of Georgia, Jerusalem, Serbia, and partially Bulgaria.
