The Muslim calendar is based on the lunar year, which consists of twelve months, and contains 354 or 355 days, which is eleven days shorter than the solar calendar. Therefore, the current year 2014 is 1435 for Muslims.
The Muslim calendar dates back to June 16, 622 according to the Christian calendar, and is called the Hijra calendar. It was on this day that the Prophet Muhammad Hijra and the first Muslims were resettled from Mecca to Medina, a city in western Saudi Arabia.
Muharram
1 Muharram of 1436 corresponds to October 25, 2014 according to the Gregorian calendar. From this month begins every new year. Muharram is one of the four holy or forbidden months in which warfare, hunting, fighting and killing cannot be conducted.
First day of the month
At least two reputable Muslims should have seen the crescent moon in the sky on the first day after the new moon. This phenomenon testified the beginning of a new month.
At least two reputable Muslims should have seen the crescent moon in the sky on the first day after the new moon. This phenomenon testified the beginning of a new month.
Crescent moon in the sky on the first day after the new moon had to see at least two reputable Muslim. This phenomenon testified to the beginning of a new month. [sidebar # 1]
The day in the Muslim calendar begins at sunset, and not at midnight, as in the sunny Gregorian calendar. And the first day of the new month falls on the first day after the astronomical new moon. It is characterized by the presence of neomania, that is, a crescent moon in the sky immediately after sunset. There are currently two ways to determine the first day of a month. Some rely on the actual appearance of the lunar sickle on the day after the new moon, while others trust the opinion of authoritative people. Both options are allowed by Islam, but often have discrepancies.
Features of the months
Since the solar year contains 365 or 366 days, the beginning of the year and all dates on the lunar calendar are shifted 10-11 days ahead relative to the solar.
Since the solar year contains 365 or 366 days, the beginning of the year and all dates on the lunar calendar are shifted 10-11 days in advance, relative to the solar.
Since the solar year consists of 365 or 366 days, beginning of the year and all dates according to the lunar calendar shifted by 10-11 days forward, relative to the sun. [box # 2]
Since the period of the moon’s revolution is a little more than twenty-nine days, the month in the Muslim calendar includes 29 or 30 days. The seasons and seasons do not correspond to certain months, but move from year to year. Therefore, the first month for Muslims may fall on the summer period of the Gregorian calendar, and a couple of years on the fall.
Moon influence
The lunar Muslim calendar is a natural period with which cyclical changes occurring on Earth are associated. The moon affects many natural phenomena: ebbs and flows, atmospheric behavior, plants and fruits are poured by juice under the moonlight, etc. Under the strong gravitational influence of the moon on the Earth’s shell, various physical parameters change during the days of the new moon and full moon. Humidity, temperature, atmospheric pressure, magnetic fields directly affect the well-being and human activities.
