The history of some countries dates back millennia, and others - only a few years. Among the latter is South Sudan, the youngest state in the world to proclaim its independence on July 9, 2011. The capital of this country is the city of Juba.
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Southern Sudan borders on the east with Ethiopia, in the south of Uganda, Kenya and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the north with Sudan and in the west with the Central African Republic. The country is landlocked. South Sudan received the status of a sovereign state after a referendum in January 2011. Almost 99% of the population voted for secession. The official proclamation of a new state in the world took place on July 9 of that year.
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Until 1820-1821, African tribes without state education lived on the territory of South Sudan. The colonization of this state began under Ottoman rule in Egypt. After the collapse of the Turkish empire, Great Britain took control of the country, which tried to limit Arab and Islamic influence on the population. Over time, England introduced a separate management of the south and north of Sudan. At the same time, the Christianization of South Sudan was carried out. In 1956, the united state of Sudan with the capital Khartoum was proclaimed. From that time until 1972, a civil war was fought in the country. Killed more than 2 million civilians and more than 4 million left as refugees from their homeland to neighboring countries.
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Until 2004, ethnic conflicts did not stop. Years of war led the country to a humanitarian catastrophe. In 2005, the rebels and the government signed an agreement that granted South Sudan autonomy and the right to hold a referendum after six years on its independence. In 2011, the promised referendum was held with a positive outcome.
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But so far, conflicts between the two states have not subsided. The first armed conflict occurred in March 2012 in the village of Heglig. And in December 2013, a massive uprising broke out between two ethnic groups inside South Sudan.
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In the future, the government of South Sudan plans to move the country's capital from Juba to the city of Ramsel, which is located in the center of the state. The new capital will be located close to the borders of neighboring countries. The reason for such changes is that Juba is not much like the country's central city - it has only 30 km of paved roads, power outages, health problems, broken sewers and lack of drinking water.
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South Sudan has one of the highest AIDS incidence rates in the world. The country also registered several rare diseases that have not been seen anywhere else. In April 2014, there was an outbreak of cholera. Most of the population lives below the poverty line.
- South sudan
- The youngest state
- The youngest state is moving the capital
