Boris Morozov - educator of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. The Russian boyar was considered one of the largest landowners of his time. Because of the necessary, but too high prices introduced by Morozov, the Salt Riot began.
In 1613, by the decision of the Zemsky Cathedral in Moscow, young Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov was enthroned. One of the signers of the historical document was then the young boyar Boris Morozov. From that moment on, his whole life was connected at the very peak of state power.
Carier start
Boris Ivanovich was called the predecessor of Peter the Great in the field of reforming the traditional way of life. One of the main culprits of the major rebellion of 1648 after the suppression of the uprising lost its influence.
It is impossible to give an unambiguous assessment of the activities of the boyar. He stood for the prosperity of the state, the strength of the throne. At the same time, due to exorbitant economic hardships, he provoked the onset of major unrest.
The biography of a lover of Western culture began in 1590. The child appeared in the family of Agrafena Saburova and Ivan Morozov. The sovereign himself, Boris Ivanovich, was a distant relative. A descendant of a noble family at the court, together with his brother Gleb, received the honorary position of sleeping bag, becoming one of the sovereign's trusted people. Almost the same age as the autocrat was appointed educator, "uncle", the future successor to the throne, Alexei Mikhailovich in 1629.
Morozov provided the ward with an excellent education. The future tsar learned the basics of grammar, got acquainted with the samples of art of the West and Russia of that time. He received knowledge on history, astronomy, botany and zoology, had a concept about the life of people in powers. The heir had a good literary elephant. The main merit of the educator was that the personality of the ward was not too dependent on court etiquette.
Public service
Morozov considered his own education insufficient. The boyar called the main flaw the lack of knowledge of foreign languages and the inability to read European books in originals. Moreover, the documents testify to the literacy and education of Boris Ivanovich. In his chambers was an extensive library.
Alexei Mikhailovich ascended the throne at the age of sixteen. Nearby, he wanted to see a wise mentor. Urgent measures due to the difficult situation were required in the arrangement of cities, the tax system, and the need for strengthening state power was brewing. The tasks were undertaken by the government led by Morozov. There were many problems.
Under the name of Tsarevich Dimitri, impostors appeared, the situation was aggravated by terrible crop failures. Mistakes made under the previous reign also played a role. A solution was required immediately. The state official started reforming. He led several orders. The most important were the Order of the Big Treasury, Streletsky and Foreign. Morozov was entrusted with the state monopoly on the sale of alcoholic beverages, that is, most of the country's budget.
In the hands of the boyar were the army, power and international politics. The most urgent was financial reform. Morozov implemented measures to reduce administration costs. After a substantial reduction in the state apparatus, many governors were punished and convicted. The number of servants in the palace and under the patriarch decreased, the salary of the remaining servants was reduced.
Errors and their correction
However, timely measures have led to the transfer of part of the cases to the jurisdiction of the hoax. This markedly increased requisitions and caused considerable discontent. I had to decide the issue of tax collection. Many townspeople assigned to the higher nobility and monastery settlements were exempted from taxes. After the census, Boris Ivanovich appointed uniform payments for all citizens.
The treasury was well replenished, but Morozov made a lot of enemies for himself. Merchant people also took up arms against the boyar; after raising them, they went for imported foreign goods. Muscovites' patience overwhelmed after rising salt prices. By a similar measure, Boris Ivanovich decided to replace part of the direct taxes. He was guided by the fact that no one can do without salt.
You can evade taxes. When buying salt from the state and overpaying for this product to collect taxes, the necessary amount appeared in the treasury. However, procedures designed to improve life caused general discontent, resulting in salt riots. All of them were directed primarily against Morozov.
At that time, he significantly strengthened his court position and arranged his personal life, becoming the husband of Anna Miloslavskaya, sister of the Queen. Not a single child was in the family.
