In the history of tsarist Russia, then the USSR and the Russian Federation, there are many cases when writers and poets are persecuted. Moreover, their names are forever erased from the memory of people, although their talent is undeniable and their contemporaries have read books. One of these writers is Yuri Osipovich Dombrovsky.
It is hard to imagine the number of arrests and investigations that Dombrowski survived. It can be said that he spent half his life in prisons and camps, but he did not change his views. He was against the policy pursued by the Soviet government: the media said one thing, but in reality it was different. Such a hypocrisy disgusted the writer, about which he could not remain silent.
Biography
Yuri Dombrovsky was born in 1909 in Moscow. His parents were from intellectuals, so Yuri received a good education. First, he studied at the gymnasium, which was located near the Arbat, and in 1932 he entered the Higher Literary Courses. He graduated with honors, and teachers noted that the young writer has a "light pen" and undoubted talent.
In addition to the gift of writing, Dombrowski had a sharp tongue, and he openly expressed his opinion. Surely because of this, in 1933 he was framed: they threw a flag without insignia into his dorm room, but this was enough for the young writer to be arrested and deported from Moscow. Although his friends assured that he was far from politics and was never interested in her. The place of his exile was Alma-Ata.
First link
Of course, Dombrowski wanted to write, but in a foreign city he had to somehow settle down and look for a new job, so I had to do what I got. For some time he managed to work as a journalist - this is at least close to the writing profession. And then in his workbook appeared the inscription "archaeologist", "art critic", "teacher".
Here he even adjusted his personal life: he married a literature teacher Klara Fayzulaevna Turumova. And he wanted to settle in Kazakhstan forever, but the authorities again began to persecute the writer: the investigation on his case began, sewn, as they say, with white thread. For several months he is placed in a pre-trial detention center, without the right to communicate with anyone. And then they suddenly release.
It would seem that after the second time one can already understand that they will not leave him alone, but instead of succumbing to fear, Dombrowski describes this situation in the book.
Writer career
At that time, he began to collaborate with the newspaper Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, publishing stories in the literary magazine Literary Kazakhstan. Moreover, he uses his real name, which at that time was not accepted. And at that time the first part of his famous novel Derzhavin was being published, for which he was again put in jail. There you have the freedom of speech
However, until 1939, all arrests and conclusions were, so to speak, "not real." Dombrowski seemed to be simply intimidated, they wanted to break his will. Therefore, after the arrest and far-fetched charges, they were quickly released. But these "landings" could not affect the worldview and attitude towards the authorities, therefore in 1939 he was sent to Kolyma camps after his arrest.
After spending four years in the camp, the writer returns to Alma-Ata and begins teaching. It is amazing how he and his camp past were admitted to students. Apparently, in the province the attitude to this was not so tough. Therefore, in addition to teaching, he writes scripts for the local theater and lectures about Shakespeare.
At this time, he was seriously engaged in writing: he wrote an anti-fascist novel, "A monkey comes for his skull, " as well as a collection of short stories, "Dark Lady."
Dombrowski spent six years at large, and during this time, perhaps, he wrote something, but this is unknown.
In 1949, Yuri Osipovich was arrested again - for the fourth time. This time, Komsomolskaya Pravda correspondent Irina Strelkova testified against him. And again he is sent to the north - to Ozerlag. This is despite the fact that from the last report he was released ahead of time due to disability. Perhaps at that time a book appeared under the writer’s pen, “These bitches wanted to kill me.”
This time he spent six long and painful years in the camp and only left in 1955. Friends noticed that he became somehow quiet and calm, as if he understood a truth that he did not know before. All of his manuscripts were arrested, Dombrovsky had nothing left, and he had to start all over again.
He was allowed to return to Moscow, and there a unique incident happened to him. Once an unknown person came to his house and brought the manuscript of the novel “A monkey comes for his skull, ” although Yuri Osipovich thought that they had burned her because such an order had been issued after his arrest. But, apparently, there were people in the power structures who understood what was happening in the country and helped as best they could.
