Vladimir Kozmich Zvorykin, one of the creators of modern television, is more often remembered as an American engineer who was born in Russia. He made an invaluable contribution to the development of television technology.
The biography of Vladimir Kozmich began in the ancient city of Murom in 1888. The boy was born July 17 (30) in the family of a merchant of the first guild. Kozma Zvorykin traded in grain, owned the Murom Public Bank and the Shipping Company on the Oka Zvorykin "company
The road to accomplishments
Seven children grew up in the family, Vladimir became the youngest. On him, the second son, the head of the family laid his hopes on the continuation of the business. The elder brother Nikolai was not interested in business. He was fascinated by physics. The young man became a student of the famous scientist Alexander Stoletov. The uncle of the future inventor Konstantin Alekseevich also became famous for the theory of metal cutting.
Father introduced the child to an intentional child from childhood. But Vladimir didn’t need office books with capital flows. He was fascinated by ship equipment. He repaired the signals on the steamboats, mounted the electric calls collected by himself. The future inventor received secondary education in a real local school until 1906.
A graduate moved to St. Petersburg to continue his education at the university. Father advised his son Technological Institute. He was taught by Professor Rosing, who was engaged in experiments on the transmission of images over distances. Vladimir also became interested in new theories. He spent a lot of time in the laboratory, became a faithful assistant to Rosing.
After the brilliant completion of his studies in 1912, Zvorykin became a process engineer. He decided to continue his education in France. The professor recommended him to the College de France. The teacher of a talented student was the famous scientist Paul Langevin. The most promising direction he considered mechanical television. Sunlight was passed through a special disk.
Light fell on the photocells, an image was formed. There was a problem with the clarity of the picture, and the quality was determined by the number of holes on the disk. Electronic television was recognized as a very dubious goal. Signal amplification did not work for a very long time. After demonstrating the invention by Rosing, impressed by what he saw, Zvorykin turned into a supporter of far-sightedness.
The professor received a gold medal for work from the technical society of Russia. World War I interrupted her studies abroad. Immediately after returning, the young scientist was drafted into the army. Grodno sent him to serve. After a year and a half, Zvorykin was transferred to the Petrograd radio school for officers. In a new place, Vladimir Kozmich continued his research activities.
Scientific achievements
After the changes began, the inventor remained in Moscow. Then he moved to Omsk. There he was instructed to equip a powerful radio station. In 1918 Zvorykin went to America to buy equipment. There he stayed after several visits. Vladimir Kozmich got a job in the research laboratory of the company Westinghouse Pittsburgh. He continued to develop the transmission of pictures from a distance.
In 1923, the first electronic tube-inoscope was created. However, the image she gave was so bad that the author himself called the invention "elevision". A year later, a kinescope receiving tube was created. In 1924, Vladimir Kuzmich entered the University of Pittsburgh. Two years later, the scientist received a doctorate. In 1928, RCA, led by David Sarnov, began financing his work.
A year later, a vacuum receiving tube was developed. Created Zvorykin and other elements of television equipment for transmitting images. He laid out the light beam in several colors, creating the basis for color television. All inventions were used in the first television broadcasts in the USA since 1936. The scientist received national recognition.
The developer was invited to give lectures and advise in many countries of the world. In 1938, a television broadcasting center was built, the production of the first televisions began. In 1944, Vladimir Kozmich created a night vision device, aerial bombs with television guidance. After the war, the scientist came to the Soviet Union, gave lectures, visited his hometown, met with relatives.
From the beginning of the fifties Zvorykin conducted fundamental research in the field of teletechnology. He applied electronics in meteorology, medicine, optics. The scientist headed the International Association of Medical Electronics and Biotechnology, the Center for Medical Electronics at the Rockefeller Institute.
