Migration is a socio-demographic process that performs many important functions - social, political, economic, cultural, etc. There are several types of migration, each of them in a certain way affects the demographic composition of cities, countries and even continents.
What is the role of migration?
From the point of view of demography, migration is the same fundamental mechanism as the reproduction of the population. Thanks to migration, the size of the population, its age and national composition can significantly change. All this affects the demographic balance of territorial units of a very different level - from a small village to the whole mainland. Therefore, in most countries of the world, migration is subject to strict control. Migration control allows you to establish a certain demographic framework in society from which you can benefit for the population as a whole.
In the demographic development of countries, migration can play three roles: reduce the population with a negative balance or increase it with a positive balance. Factors in which the outflow of the population from the country is accompanied by an influx of migrants into the country, say that migration performs a compensatory function. Moreover, far from always quantitative compensation is equal to qualitative: valuable human resources for the development of society may disappear from the country, and cheap labor may come.
