In 1998, Time magazine published a list of the hundred most outstanding personalities of the 20th century, which were divided into five categories: scientists, leaders and revolutionaries, tycoons and builders, idols and heroes, celebrities from the world of art.
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The man of the century was named Albert Einstein. It was his image that was placed on the cover of the magazine. Einstein was born on March 14, 1879. This man is known as a Nobel laureate in physics, which was awarded to him in 1921. During his life he wrote more than three hundred scientific papers in physics, as well as several dozen articles and books on the history and philosophy of science. Einstein owns special and general theories of relativity, quantum theories of the photoelectric effect and specific heat, the statistical theory of Brownian motion, the theory of induced radiation, and many others. Thanks to Einstein, the understanding of the physical essence of space and time was revised.
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Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (Ulyanov) is one of the hundred famous people in the category "Leaders and revolutionaries". He was born on April 22, 1870. After graduating from the Simbirsk gymnasium, he studied for three months at the faculty of law of Kazan University, but was expelled for membership in the student group "Narodnaya Volya" and participation in the unrest provoked by the introduction of the new charter of the university. Since 1888, Lenin joined one of the political circles and actively studied the ideas of Marx, Engels and Plekhanov. Gradually, he is imbued with the idea of the social democratic structure of society and develops his own doctrine. Lenin became the creator of the Bolshevik party, one of the organizers of the October Revolution of 1917, and also the chairman of the government of the RSFSR. It is this person who is called the creator of the world's first socialist state - the USSR. Lenin died on January 21, 1924.
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One of the most prominent representatives of the category "Celebrities in the world of art and entertainment" is Charlie Chaplin. He was born on April 16, 1889 and became known for his roles in short comedies. Charlie began to make a living on his own at the age of 5, when he replaced his mother at performances in the music hall. After the death of his father, the boy and his brothers ended up in a workhouse, and then in an orphanage school. Mother became seriously ill and was placed in a psychiatric clinic. From the age of 14, Charlie regularly goes on stage and variety shows. Then he moved to the United States and in 1913 signed a contract with the Keystone film studio, and soon decided to make films himself. Charlie Chaplin became truly famous thanks to the image of the Charlie Tramp - both a sophisticated and awkward gentleman in a narrow jacket, wide trousers, and huge boots. A small mustache and a bamboo cane have also become integral attributes of the character. When in 1972 Chaplin was awarded the Oscar, it was noted that it was thanks to him that cinema became an art. The actor died on December 25, 1977.
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The Builders and Tycoons category was added to Walter Elias Disney. He was born on December 5, 1901 in America. At the age of 14 he worked as a peddler of newspapers, and at 18 he got a job as an artist at one of the studios engaged in the production of commercials. The first business project, the Laugh-O-Gram studio, failed miserably, but Walt Disney did not give up and in 1923 opened the animation studio The Walt Disney Company in Hollywood. At first, Disney released several cartoons, the heroine of which was the girl Alice. In 1928, the famous Mickey Mouse appeared on the screens. Over time, Disney became the multimedia empire of The Walt Disney Company. Walt Disney was the first in the world to create a sound and musical cartoon. Over the course of its life, the animator received 26 Oscars. Disney died on December 15, 1966.
