The civil war raging in most of Russia from 1918 to 1920. (and in the Far East - until the end of 1922), one of the most tragic pages in the history of our country. During this bloody conflict, millions of people died and huge material damage was inflicted. The confrontation destroyed many families, the son went against his father, and his brother against his brother. There was a general bitterness, going to extremes. Why did such a tragedy happen?
Instruction manual
1
Like any historical event, the Civil War in Russia was caused by many reasons - both objective and subjective. A huge role was played by the First World War, in which Russia, as a member of the Entente ("Cardiac consent", a military-political alliance with Great Britain and France), fought against the German, Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires. The heavy defeats suffered by the Russian Empire in 1915 forced the Russian army to retreat, giving the enemy large territories. Even the successful Russian offensive in 1916 (the so-called Brusilovsky breakthrough) could not fully correct the failures of last year's company.
2
The protracted war, the many victims, the enemy’s occupation of significant territories - all this caused sharp discontent in different sectors of society. The situation was aggravated by embezzlement, as well as weak will of Emperor Nicholas II, who was unable to restore basic order in the country. The prestige of the ruling dynasty has slipped to a minimum. Therefore, when unrest broke out in Petrograd in February 1917, they quickly turned into a revolution. Nicholas II abdicated. Power passed to the interim government, before the convocation of the Constituent Assembly.
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However, the interim government soon discovered its complete inability to keep the situation under control. Mass desertion from the army, agrarian unrest, and separatist tendencies began. The country was on the verge of collapse. On October 25, 1917 (according to the old style), a military coup took place in Petrograd, organized by the Bolshevik party led by Ulyanov-Lenin and Trotsky. A course was taken to build a fundamentally new state, which was to serve as a fuse for the world communist revolution. The Constituent Assembly was dispersed in January 1918, and in March Brest Peace was signed with Germany on humiliating conditions. Russia lost vast territories and pledged to pay Germany a large contribution.
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For some residents of Russia, these events were a terrible blow. They did not accept the dispersal of the Constituent Assembly, nor the predatory conditions of the Brest Peace. From their point of view, the Bolsheviks were usurpers and traitors. The country actually split into two camps, which soon led to the very Civil War.
