The Wanderers - a symbol of Russian painting of the 19th century. Thanks to them, residents of various cities and provinces were able to get acquainted with the works of art of great masters.
Peredvizhniki - the abbreviated name of the association of Russian artists, which appeared in the second half of the nineteenth century. The founders were Ivan Kramsky, Grigory Myasoedov, Nikolai Ge.
The main goal of creating a society is the organization of art exhibitions in all cities. This was done so that people from the provinces also had the opportunity to get acquainted with Russian art. In 1870, a charter was created, which stated what kind of partnership the general partnership manages, in what ways the general issues related to the work of the organization are resolved.
Picturesque riot or how it all began
The fourteen best graduates of the Imperial Academy of Arts preferred the freedom of creativity to the gold medal. They refused to paint a picture on the indicated subject, considering it too far from reality. The rebels asked for a free topic, which was refused. Over time, they sent a request to issue diplomas corresponding to the medals already received.
In 1863, young painters, led by Ivan Kramskoy, created the first association in the history of Russian art. The main idea was realism and a social orientation instead of theatricality and ideology. Artists took orders for paintings, gave drawing lessons, gathered to discuss pressing issues. The biggest problem was the financial issue and the fact of the resumption by individuals of communication with members of the academy. Kramsky for these reasons left society.
Seven years later, the partnership of traveling art exhibitions replaced. It united the Moscow, St. Petersburg painters. The Wanderers opposed their work to academicism. The charter of the new society was approved in 1870. The first exhibition was opened a year later in St. Petersburg, in two months it visited Moscow, Kiev, and Kharkov. Almost before the start of the exposition, almost half of all available paintings and drawings were bought. During the existence of the partnership, the following exhibitions were held:
- In Moscow;
- Riga
- Kursk
- Voronezh;
- Poltava;
- Odessa and other cities.
Famous Wanderers
One of the founders was Alexei Savrasov. A landscape painter was trained against the will of his father. The basis of his work was the work of German and English painters. He was awarded various prizes, but in the last years of his life the artist lived in dire need.
The names of the Wanderers were known far beyond the borders of our state. An example is Ivan Shishkin. The history of the Russian landscape is connected with his creations, and the works of art of this ascetic have become national classics and have gained popularity around the world.
Russian artists created a huge portrait gallery. Perhaps this became thanks to Ivan Nikolaevich Kramskoy. It was he who owned the world-famous portrait of Leo Tolstoy, painted in 1873. The picture clearly shows not only the external qualities of the writer, but also the features of his character.
One of the significant phenomena in the history of Russian painting was the painting "Barge Haulers". Ilya Repin colorful showed in her the image of a common people. Prior to this artist, this topic remained inaccessible. With special love, he painted images of ordinary peasants. In the 80s of the 19th century, the artist turned to the portrait genre, depicting various famous figures of that era.
Wanderers include:
- Vasily Maximov;
- Vasily Perov;
- Abram Arkhipov.
The participants worked in different artistic directions, but they were united by one thing - the idea of populism. They contrasted their creativity with representatives of official academism.
