The Far East unites nine constituent entities of the Russian Federation: Amur, Magadan, Sakhalin and Jewish Autonomous Oblasts, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug and the Yakut Republic (since 1991 - Sakha). As well as groups of islands: Sakhalin, Wrangel, Kuril Islands, Shantar and Commander Islands.
Instruction manual
1
Despite the fact that the entire territory of the Far Eastern Territory occupies a third of the territory of Russia, its population does not exceed 5% of the total number of inhabitants of the country. In 1999, their number barely exceeded 7 million, and over the next 10 years fell by 22%. The population of the largest cities of this region - Vladivostok and Khabarovsk - varies within half a million. And the smallest, administrative center of Chukotka - the city of Anadyr, does not reach 12 thousand people. In search of greater comfort and better opportunities, people continue to leave these harsh lands, despite the efforts of local authorities to find new ways of development and the meaning of the existence of people in these regions.
2
According to the residents themselves, the reason for the depopulation is a low income level due to weak entrepreneurial activity and job cuts, as well as a shortage of preschool and educational institutions. The owners of small and medium-sized businesses argue that the reason is the low consumer ability of the population, the poor infrastructure of cities, "administrative barriers" and the lack of qualified specialists. A powerful deterrent to the transition of medium-sized businesses to large ones is corruption at various levels of government and in the form of criminal elements as such.
3
It should be noted that the Far Eastern cities are relatively young. For example, Khabarovsk was founded in 1880, Vladivostok with more than 600 thousand people was founded in 1860 as a military fortress, but after 20 years it became a city. The development of lands far from the capital region has always been a priority for Russia, and therefore a lot of manpower and resources were spent on the development of territories. So, in these northern cities, many cultural institutions, which the central part of the country can only envy, created the Far Eastern Federal University with six hundred educational programs. This is a real giant that forms an entire campus in the heart of Vladivostok.
4
Due to its favorable location, Khabarovsk and Vladivostok are ahead of other cities in terms of infrastructure development and human resources. An indisputable plus is a good traffic intersection: the presence of air, rail and road routes. The proximity of China helps to establish supplies of raw materials and goods, attracting investors. In this respect, cities such as Blagoveshchensk and Artem are not far behind. Where there is also a productive dialogue between the authorities and entrepreneurs, business support programs, healthy competition, and a low level of corruption work.
5
Residents of Yakutsk, the homeland of diamonds, on the contrary, are not spoiled by developed infrastructure, support from local authorities and a decent standard of living. Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Magadan can be attributed to the same category of cities with Spartan conditions. Nevertheless, Yakutia and Kamchatka attract tourists with their extreme and wild beauty. Alpine skiing, hunting, dog sledding, ecotourism and ethnographic excursions are just a small list of available entertainment.
note
Rare pearls scattered cities on a vast territory, being the lonely "oases" of civilization. As a result, another problem has ripened - xenophobia - in the form of fear and rejection of other cultures and traditions.
