Many aspects of the life of modern society are regulated by laws and regulations. Work on the preparation and adoption of such documents is carried out purposefully and in accordance with plans that are developed by the highest legislative body of the country. Not only members of parliament are involved in drafting bills, but also experts in the field that the law is called upon to regulate.
Instruction manual
1
Work on any bill begins with an appropriate decision. Action plans for drafting laws in Russia are annually approved by the lower house of parliament - the State Duma. The initiative may come from the president of the country or government, as well as from other bodies, the list of which is provided by law. An order to one of its committees on the preparation of the law may be developed by the parliament itself.
2
The initial version of the bill is developed on a departmental or sectoral basis. This approach makes it possible to attract qualified and competent specialists to the preparation of the document. In most cases, instructions are given to several interested departments and the legal body (prosecutor's office, Ministry of Internal Affairs, and so on). The participants in the legislative process at the first stage develop the initial text of the law.
3
In the preparation of laws of national importance, another principle may apply, involving only members of the standing committees of the country's parliament. In this way, laws are drawn up on holding national referenda, elections, or on the status of deputies. In some cases, public organizations, political parties, and trade unions are involved in the process.
4
When starting to draft a law, the participants in the working group take as their basis a scientific concept that is consistent with existing legal norms. The goals and the subject of the upcoming regulation are determined, an approximate structure of the bill is outlined. All main regulatory provisions are substantiated and supported by calculations and arguments of qualified specialists.
5
When the first version of the law is prepared, it is submitted for discussion, involving a wide circle of authoritative specialists, representatives of ministries and departments, and the public. The details of the document are being worked out not only in the central authorities, but also locally - in the regions of the country, republics, and large cities. The provisions of the bill are also submitted for discussion in the media: on radio and television.
6
At the final stage of the preparation of the law, preliminary parliamentary readings and discussions of the draft are held at meetings of relevant committees of the legislative body. The legislators pay the main attention to a comprehensive legal assessment of the provisions of the future law: it should not contradict the norms of existing legislation. Only after that a fully drafted bill is submitted for formal consideration and approval to the legislature.
