It is well known that the Cossacks have long been a special military estate that carried dangerous service on the borders of our country. Initially, he was attributed the status of “free” (Don, Volzhsky, Ural), which is a kind of community consisting mainly of runaway serfs, persecuted either by boyar lawlessness, or by famine that raged in Russia with an enviable periodicity.
Instruction manual
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Today, many respected historians come to the common opinion that the Cossacks are a multinational community, this included not only Russians, but also Tatars, Poles, Lithuanians. The most famous branch of the Cossacks was and remains the Don Cossacks, which, according to official figures, arose in the 16th century through the unification of small groups who were looking for a truly free and satisfying life. People from many Russian villages came here, defeated troops consisting of immigrants from European countries.
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It is it, the Don Cossacks, which is considered the oldest in our country, it belongs to high-profile feats, such as the capture of the Azov fortress, the conquest of Siberia, Amur region, the laying of the Northern Sea Route. It was it, moving along the great river, then populated the remote corners of a vast country.
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From the end of the 17th century, mainly from the Don and Moscow runaway peasants, the famous Volga Cossacks arose, which initially hunted with robbery deeds. Since the days of Emelyan Pugachev, this branch officially transferred to sovereign service and was resettled in the regions of the Caucasus, giving rise to the Astrakhan, Mosdog and Volga regiments.
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In the south of the Urals, the Cossacks officially settled in the late 16th century. The Orenburg Cossacks populated, respectively, the Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions. A little later, the Cossacks, who lived in the lower reaches of the Urals and in the western Ural region, stood out in the Yaitsky division.
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The Siberian Cossacks, subordinated to the government, settled throughout the entire territory of the modern Omsk Region, Altai Territory and some regions of Kazakhstan, lived until 1920. Consistently mastering the territory of eastern Siberia, the Cossack army formed all new branches, such as the Yenisei, Ussuri, Amur and Semirechensk. The territory of the Chita region and Buryatia is the indigenous habitat of the Transbaikal Cossacks.
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The Krasnodar region and the Stavropol Territory of the 17th century sheltered the Kuban Cossacks. Back in 1832, in order to protect the North Caucasus borders, units of the Caucasian Cossacks were created with the main managing center in the city of Vladikavkaz. The Danube River and the Prut River, as well as the entire Black Sea coast, considered to be the border areas of the Russian state, have been vigilantly played by the Danube Cossacks since ancient times.
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So, summing up the summary, it can be noted that until the 17th century the Cossacks were considered to be free people, inclined to choose their habitat and occupation independently, however, from the 18th century the authorities finally subjugated this branch to themselves, using it to carry out the border service and populating representatives of the Cossacks particularly tense areas and territories. The Cossack estate lasted until the beginning of the 20th century. Today it is again gaining momentum and becoming the choice of those who honor the traditions of free and life in accordance with the laws of truth and honor.
