The history of the monarchy dates back many centuries. The ritual inheritance of the throne with the understanding of the emperor as the Anointed of God was considered the birth of a new history. But for a long time, cases of renunciation of the royal heritage are also known.
"The king is dead - long live the king"
It was after the departure of the deceased ruler, as a rule, that troubles and divisions began in the state. It was impossible for an ordinary person in the late Middle Ages to imagine that a representative of divine dominion could somehow descend from the heights of power.
Why this happened is still argued by many individual historians and entire schools. But there is one answer common to different concepts - a model of power.
In the Roman Empire, the emperor could not renounce his own power simply because power was not only transmitted from generation to generation. As often happened, judging by various historical sources, not the children of the ruling dynasty became heirs to the throne.
And with a favorable combination of circumstances and political successes of one or another force, the “first person” was a person who, in principle, was not related to power.
Later, when the contracted assassinations of emperors or their death in the war gave way to subtle intrigues, a new model of government by the state began to appear - the monarchy.
New story
After the monarchy took root, a constitution was created on its basis and the corresponding monarchist branch. Since then, a tendency has emerged to renounce power, often in favor of their children.
For example, Charles V of Habsburg, Emperor of the Netherlands, abdicated. He tried to build a pan-European Holy Roman Empire, the idea of which failed and his rule became impossible for him, and his son Philip became the new ruler.
And the famous Napoleon Boanaparte twice became emperor of France and twice he was deprived of the throne.
In fact, the established monarchical power is a consistent transfer of affairs to the future heir, starting from his childhood. So that power passed without bloodshed, many rulers gave it to their children before the end of their reign. For this, a Public Assembly is formed, which accepts the abdication of the emperor or empress.
Logically, such power should end in the death of the ruler, but in order for it to go to just one of the children, the head of state officially announces his intention, naming the name of the successor.
Such a political device - abdication, has been known since the establishment of the monarchy as the most common form of government in Europe.
In recent European history, in 2013 and 2014, two more voluntary abdications took place: the Belgian king Albert II and the king of Spain, Juan Carlos, abdicated in favor of their sons by signing the relevant documents in the presence of representatives of parliament.
