German philosophy is a fairly extensive trend in Western philosophy, which includes all philosophy in German, as well as all the works of German thinkers in other languages. This is a very influential and solid school, which for a long time occupies a central position in the global thought process.
History of German Philosophy
We can assume that German philosophy began with the works of Immanuel Kant, Georg Hegel and Friedrich Nietzsche. They greatly influenced the worldview of not only contemporaries, but also their many followers and opponents, who, although they argued with him, could not get away from this influence.
In the future, German philosophy was noted by such names as Gottfried Leibniz, Karl Marx, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche. Modern philosophers, such as Martin Heidegger, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Jürgen Habermas, also contribute significantly to supporting the image of the school of German philosophy as being very influential and deep.
Kant
The fundamental work Critique of Pure Reason, in which Kant revealed the concept of the transcendent, became the basis of his philosophy, and also laid the foundation for the entire German classical tradition of philosophy. Kant classifies human judgments, dividing them into arpiori-posterior and synthetic-analytical ones.
Synthetic ones include those judgments which, while not being generated by the subject who revealed them, nevertheless emit new knowledge. Analytical ones do not carry new knowledge, but only explain those judgments that were already hidden in the subject that generated them. A priori are those judgments that do not need to be checked whether they are true or not, but a posteriori judgments necessarily need empirical verification. Kant adds that synthetic judgments, as a rule, are a posteriori (scientific discoveries), and analytical ones are a priori (logical chain).
Kant became the founder of the philosophical movement, which was called German idealism.
Hegel
Hegel was a follower of Kant, but his idealism was objective. His views diverge very strongly from other idealists, since Hegel had a slightly different logic. In general, he was very attentive to logic, for which he studied the works of the greatest ancient Greek philosophers, setting out the results of his thoughts in the work “The Science of Logic”.
Hegel argued that the Absolute Spirit is the foundation of all things, it is infinite, and this is enough to fully know oneself. Nevertheless, in order to know, he needs to see himself, therefore manifestation is necessary. Hegel believed that the contradictions of history are history - an important part of the contradictions of the national Spirits, and when they disappear, the Absolute spirit will come to the Absolute Idea of itself, which will be the result of this knowledge. Then the Kingdom of Freedom will come.
Hegel's logic is rather complicated, therefore his works were often misunderstood and incorrectly translated into other languages.
