Dmitry Nikolayevich Ushakov - a famous linguist, publicist. He became the compiler and editor of the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language in four volumes. An outstanding scientist was the first to study orthoepy, the science of pronunciation. He was a knight of the orders of St. Stanislav, St. Anna. He was awarded the Order of Honor.
Dmitry Nikolayevich Ushakov is an outstanding lexicographer. He compiled explanatory and spelling dictionaries in several volumes.
Childhood and youth
A talented scientist was born on January 24, 1873 in Moscow. His father was a famous metropolitan ophthalmologist. He died when the child was two years old.
They brought up the baby in the house of the mother’s father, the grandfather of the future linguist. Grandfather himself was the Protopresbyter in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. Dmitry received primary education at home. In 1882, a nine-year-old boy entered the capital's gymnasium.
After six years of training in 1889, the future scientist moved to another educational institution. Two years later, the graduate became a student in the historical and philological faculty of the university. His teacher was Philip Filippovich Fortunatov, known as a specialist in the field of Russian linguistics.
It was under his guidance that the student wrote a master's essay on the topic of declines in Homer. After receiving education, the graduate began working at the school as a teacher of Russian language and literature. He worked in this position for seventeen years.
In 1903, Dmitry Ushakov was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav III degree. Seven years later, he became a second-degree holder of this award. In 1906 he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the III degree. Since 1907 he combined work with teaching at Moscow State University.
With the book "Russian Spelling" published in 1911, convincing arguments are given in favor of the beginning of the transformation of Russian spelling. University activities took more than twenty eight years. From privat-docent Dmitry Nikolaevich grew up to be a professor.
Vocation work
Noticeable social changes in the country were significantly reflected in their native language. Its vocabulary has changed. Since 1918, the famous linguist began the development of spelling reform. Since the late thirties, Ushakov became the head of the Slavic branch of the Institute of Writing and Languages of the Peoples of the USSR.
All the pedagogical and scientific activities, the scientist gave lectures in various educational institutions. Students of higher pedagogical courses, military pedagogical school, literary Bryusovsky institute listened to their reading.
An outstanding linguist became the developer and compiler of the first Russian textbook of linguistics. He was reprinted nine times. Ushakov is known as the compiler of the explanatory dictionary. The book was published in the mid-thirties.
From the twenties, talented scientists Ozhegov, Vinogradov, Tomashevsky worked in the team of authors under the leadership of Dmitry Nikolaevich. In total, the publication has more than ninety thousand description articles. Ushakov’s contribution is great in both dialectology and spelling.
He actively promoted the reform of Russian spelling; with the advent of the last century, he published the collection Russian Spelling. The reform of the mother tongue began in 1918 under the patronage of the Academy of Sciences, but as early as 1915, a dialectological commission was created and headed by Dmitry Nikolayevich in this organization.
Its main goal was to create a map of the dialects common in the European part of the country. The studies reflected the dialects of all the peoples living there. In 1921, Ushakov became part of the preparation of documentation for negotiations with Poland on the delimitation of the commission between the states before the conclusion of the Polish-Soviet treaty.
To accomplish this task, it was planned to take into account data on the ethnic and linguistic affiliations of the population of the border regions.
Signed Works
The scientist has developed and implemented a multi-aspect and powerful litter system in terms of stylistics. His authorship is now distributed common "razg.", "Offic." etc. Alexander Reformatsky, a colleague of the researcher, recalled that Dmitry Nikolayevich really appreciated live communication with people.
He interacted with students, teachers, doctors, actors. The famous linguist taught his colleagues not to fence themselves off from their everyday routine, but to engage in educational activities.
In early 1936, Dmitry Nikolayevich received his doctorate in linguistic sciences. Three years later, he became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR.
A recognized specialist in correct pronunciation, Ushakov has advised the Radio Committee of the country for many years. Even the famous actors Vasily Kachalov and Evdokia Turchaninova turned to the famous scientist for advice.
