Patriotism is a moral as well as a political principle, a feeling based on love for one’s homeland, as well as a willingness to sacrifice private interests for the sake of the interest of the fatherland. The very word "patriotism" came from the Greek language.
Instruction manual
1
The main features of patriotism are pride in the culture and achievements of their state, identification of themselves with their compatriots, willingness to subordinate their own interests to the interests of the state, willingness to defend the homeland in dangerous moments. The source of patriotism is the fact of the existence over the millennia of various states, which served as a reason for attachment to the culture of their country, language, and traditions. In national states, patriotism is one of the components of the consciousness of society.
2
The following types of patriotism are:
- policy (took place in the ancient city-states, which were called policies);
- ethnic (its basis is the love of one’s own ethnic group);
- imperial (devotion to the empire, as well as its government);
- state (love of one’s own state, also called nationalism);
- leavened (cheers-patriotism, which is the result of excessive love for their country and people).
3
In different periods of history, patriotism had different meanings. For example, in ancient times there was patriotism in relation to their own city-states. At the same time, for example, there was no general Greek patriotism. During the time of the Roman Empire, various attempts were made to create pan-Roman patriotism in order to keep all power in the hands of Rome. In the Middle Ages, this concept did not have the relevance that it regained in modern times. During the French and American bourgeois revolutions, patriotism and nationalism meant essentially the same thing. Moreover, nationalism was understood not in ethnic terms, but in political terms.
4
Universalist ethics considers patriotism unacceptable. It is argued that a person is connected not only with his people and state, but with the whole world as a whole. Usually cosmopolitanism is opposed to patriotism.
