A national park is a specially protected area or water area. On it, in order to protect nature, human activity is limited, but not prohibited. The access mode to such a territory allows conducting scientific research there, maintaining economic activity on a limited scale and organizing tourist routes.
Instruction manual
1
Since the interpretation of the term “national park” may vary from country to country, at the X session of the General Assembly of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, an attempt was made to develop common features of the concept. It was recommended that national parks be called relatively large areas in which ecosystems have not changed significantly; they are of scientific, educational or recreational interest. They should be carried out work (organized by the authority) to prevent the use of natural resources. According to this definition, visitors can come to the national park for educational, cultural, spiritual and recreational purposes.
2
The first national park (Yellowstone) was created in 1872 in the United States. In Russia, a similar event occurred almost a century later: Sochi Park was established in 1983. In the XXI century, the total area of national parks in the country is about 7 million hectares.
3
In Russia, there are certain requirements for a territory that can be considered a national park. First of all, this refers to the conservation of nature. Most of the territory should be intact nature, several sites should be intact.
4
Another sign of the national park is landscape and biological diversity. Genetic resources in such territories can be considered unique (specially protected, rare and endangered species of plants and animals).
5
The territory should have recreational potential, that is, in the future it is planned to organize tourism there. Consequently, the presence of climatic factors that may interfere with this activity is undesirable.
6
Also, the advantages of national parks are picturesqueness, high aesthetic and historical-cultural value of the area. In order for the territory to be recognized as a national park, most of the mentioned features should be available.
