The Berlin Wall is one of the most famous monuments of the Cold War, embodying the essence of the confrontation between the communist Soviet Union and the countries that are members of NATO. The fall of the Berlin Wall has become a symbol of the beginning of great change.
Reasons for the construction of the wall
The Cold War, which began after the end of the bloodiest in the history of World War II, was a long conflict between the USSR on the one hand and Europe and the USA on the other. Western politicians considered the communist system the most dangerous of the possible opponents, and the presence of nuclear weapons on both sides only increased tension.
After the end of World War II, the winners divided the territory of Germany among themselves. The Soviet Union inherited five provinces, of which the German Democratic Republic was formed in 1949. East Berlin became the capital of the new state. According to the terms of the Yalta Treaty, it also fell into the zone of influence of the USSR. The conflict between East and West, as well as the uncontrolled migration of residents to West Berlin, led to the fact that in 1961 the Warsaw Pact countries (a socialist alternative to NATO) decided to build a concrete structure demarcating the western and eastern parts of the city.
