Alexei Eremeev is a children's writer. In the literary world known as Leonid Panteleev. He created many tales and short stories, short stories and articles. L. Panteleev worthily stands in a large number of classics of children's literature.
Biography
Alexei Ivanovich Eremeev was born on August 9 (22), 1908 in St. Petersburg into a middle-class family.
The family had three children: Vasily, Alexei and Lala. Before the revolution, the family did not know what poverty and hunger were. In 1916, Alexei successfully entered the Petrograd real school, read a lot, wrote poems and stories. But the revolution and civil war broke the plans and hopes of many thousands of people of that time.
Alexei's father disappeared during the years of the civil war. The mother was left with three children and, fleeing hunger, went to a distant village in the Yaroslavl province.
For several years Alexei wandered around Russia. He worked as he could, often stealing. He visited both the “white” and the “red” during this time. Many times he ended up in orphanages, colonies, and sat behind bars. At the end of 1921 he ended up in the Petrograd Commission and was sent to the School of Social and Individual Education. Dostoevsky (Skid).
The period of life at school. Dostoevsky Alexey remembered. He remembered and wrote about her, how dear to him this school is. In it, he truly became acquainted with literature and art. A good example for them was Victor Soroko-Rosinsky. He was a true teacher, loving his work and children. In the school principal, street children saw an intelligent, educated, educated, cultured person. There he understood what friendship and mutual assistance are. He became friends with Grigory Belykh. With him he wrote the famous "Republic of Skid."
Literary work
In 1923, G. Belykh and Alex left the school to them. F. Dostoevsky. Let's go to Kharkov to take courses of actors. But the romance of wandering did not give rest. They again wandered around the cities and returned to Leningrad. Then the idea came to write about SKID. The manuscript was created in one breath - in two and a half months. It's time to think who to show and evaluate. They remembered a friend from the provincial department of public education and carried the manuscript there. A friend also managed the children's department of the Leningrad State Publishing House. She liked the manuscript, she gave it to S.Ya. Marshak. So A. Eremeev under the pseudonym Lenya Panteleev appeared on the lists of children's writers.
The popularity of the book exceeded all conceivable and inconceivable sizes of that time. Repeated reviews of M. Gorky, A. Makarenko, K. Fedin, M. Prishvin and many other literary figures of that time wrote about her. The book has been reprinted more than ten times in Russian, has been translated into many foreign languages and languages of the peoples of the USSR. The book was not bypassed by cinema either.
The bibliography of A. Eremeev is extensive. He worked on short stories, fairy tales, short stories, literary portraits, plays and articles. His works were distinguished by morality and conscientiousness.
In 1931, the memory suddenly gave up the memory of the last meeting with his father. Then he told a story about himself, how in the Russian-Japanese war he had the opportunity to deliver a letter to the army headquarters. On the way, he managed to fend off an enemy detachment. Wounded on a flight to the chest, bleeding, he delivered the package to headquarters. For this feat he was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir and the status of a hereditary nobleman. All this happened to his father in 1904.
So the plot of the story arose. In it, Alex allowed his imagination to embellish some facts, because from his father he could no longer learn the whole truth of those events. Historians and literary scholars studying the works of A. Yeremeyev notice that in the story there is a strong desire to tell the truth, but this is not easy. In general, throughout the entire work of A. Yeremeyev, a tragic and sometimes creaky, squeezed voice in his larynx is heard. It is as if the speaker hardly speaks the words through some kind of suffering and carefully selects the words.
A. Yeremeyev was asked to write an honesty story for Bonfire magazine. The basis of the plot emerged from childhood, as he walked in the park with a nanny. The boys came up and offered to play "in the war." They took an honest word from him that he would guard the warehouse and would not leave the post. The boys left and did not return, and the little boy, true to the word, remained in the cold and stood honestly until the nanny found him. Alexey slightly changed the story. Instead of a nanny in the cartoon, the boy found a military man and allowed him to leave the post.
Double name
A. Eremeev entered the Russian literature under the pseudonym Leonid Panteleev. In those days it was safer to keep the real name and noble origin in secret. It was easier to maintain their membership in the great tribe of street children. This caused fewer questions. With the Shkid nickname "Lenka Panteleev" it was easier to become "mine" in that controversial society. It so happened that he came to the world with a noble name, and in the world of literature he became the legendary homeless child whom the revolution made educated and famous. Only now, historians often make the reservation that at first Alexei Yeremeyev made the revolution an orphan and that it was the revolutionary upheavals that tragically affected his future fate.
Life tragedy
The contradictory and duality of the time in which A. Yeremeyev created, greatly affected his inner world. He was an honest and principled man, kind and open, but the conditions of society did not allow him to write truthfully and openly. He constantly felt dichotomy and duplicity. What I wanted to talk about in the works, but I could not, as if I thrust my true thoughts into the subtext - I resorted to the Aesopian language. From this self-humiliated himself and blamed, often making excuses. He considered himself untrue, warped and adaptable.
He seemed to walk and look around all the time. I could not go to church openly, although I believed. Thought he was a bad Christian. He often recalled the words of N. Ogarev that unexpressed beliefs remain just convictions. And he did it. All his life he had to hide his views, because he understood that this was the salvation of those times. Anxious memory was reflected in his family life.
