Alexander Fadeev presented Soviet literature the novels The Defeat and The Young Guard. For many years he led the Writers' Union and led the editorial board of the Literary Newspaper. But despite the great talent and recognition of the readers, there were black bars in his life.
early years
Alexander was born on December 24, 1901 in the town of Kimry, Tver Region. His parents professionally engaged in revolutionary activities. All three children were raised by their mother and father with respect to work. Sasha learned literacy early and surprised his relatives when he demonstrated his own written stories. His favorite authors were Jack London and Fenimore Cooper. A few years later, the family moved to the village of Chuguevka, Primorsky Territory, where the boy spent his childhood.
Revolutionary
In 1912, Alexander entered the Commercial School of the city of Vladivostok. Knowledge was easy for him, on the course he was considered the best. His debut opuses were published in the student newspaper, some of them even received prizes. But the young man was more interested in revolutionary ideas. The Bolshevik underground gave him various instructions, Alexander was engaged in agitation and received the pseudonym Bulyga from party members. Without graduating, in 1919 Fadeev joined the detachment of red partisans. During the battles in the Far East, he became a regimental commissar and was wounded in one of the battles.
After the Civil War, Fadeev decided to get an education, chose the Moscow Mining Academy. During this period, he participated in the work of the Tenth Party Congress and suppressed the uprising in Kronstadt. After a repeated wound and a long recovery, he decided to settle in Moscow.
Writer
The debut story "Spill" was released in 1923, but did not find serious feedback from readers. A happier fate was prepared for the novel "rout". The work was released in 1926 and brought the writer unprecedented success. At this moment, he made a firm decision to devote himself to literary activity, he was recognized by colleagues in the association of proletarian writers. Following the first book was followed by the novel "The Last of Udege". The action of both works takes place in the Ussuri region during the establishment of the power of the Soviets.
The writer began to create a book that brought all-Union fame in 1945. The novel "Young Guard" narrated about a group of young underground workers who fought in Krasnodon occupied by fascists. The book appeared in a year - in record time. I must say that the first version of the novel was criticized by Stalin himself, in his opinion, the role of the party was not clearly reflected. The author took into account the comments and in 1951 the second edition of the novel was born, on this occasion Fadeev joked with sorrow: “I am remaking the“ Young Guard ”to the old
"The book became a classic of Soviet literature, a film of the same name was shot on it.
Public figure
Fadeev devoted many years to work in the Union of Writers of the country. For several years, he headed the editorial board of the Literary Newspaper, and initiated the creation of the October magazine. From his pen came a lot of essays on the literature of socialist realism. In wartime, the writer, as a military commissar, consecrated events directly from the front line.
The head of the national Union of Writers was the conductor of government decisions regarding cultural figures. In 1946, with his participation, Zoshchenko and Akhmatov were practically destroyed as writers, in 1949 the writer acted as a fighter against cosmopolitanism. But at the same time, he sincerely worried about the fate of his colleagues: he transferred money to those left without means of subsistence and showed sincere interest. Forced bifurcation led to depression, it led to insomnia and addiction to alcohol.
During the Khrushchev thaw, Fadeev’s activity was criticized. At the Twentieth Party Congress, Mikhail Sholokhov sharply opposed his colleague, calling him guilty of repression by Soviet writers. Fadeev lost membership in the Central Committee of the Communist Party. After that, the internal conflict reached a critical point.
Personal life
Alexander's first wife was the writer Valery Gerasimov, the sister of the famous film director. Her fate was not easy: once in exile, she returned home only after the death of the "leader of the peoples." The new wife of the writer was Angelina Stepanova, an artist of theater and cinema. The couple raised two children - Alexander and Mikhail. It is noteworthy that the eldest child Angelina gave birth shortly to their weddings, but her husband adopted the boy and gave him his last name. The younger Fadeev followed in the footsteps of his mother and chose the acting profession. In addition to his sons, in 1943, Fadeev had an illegitimate daughter, Maria, who became a continuation of his love for Margarita Aliger.
