Joan Miro is a Spanish artist, graphic artist and sculptor. His direction was abstraction. Miro was close to surrealism. The painter's works resembled drawings of a child. They contain figures that resembled real objects only remotely.
Joan Miro-i-Ferrat was a recognized master of alogism. Glory came to him at 32 years old. The biography of the painter began in Barcelona.
Way to Vocation
The future painter was born on April 20, 1893 in the family of silver cases of the master, watchmaker. The boy's talent was noticed by his school teacher. The student drawing, made by eight-year-old Joan, has been preserved. The creation of the boy is called "Pedicure."
A fourteen-year-old teenager was sent to study accounting courses. But he decided to attend evening classes at the school of fine arts. Parents did not oppose this, but did not approve. After completing his education in courses in 1910, Miro began working as a clerk at a grocery store.
Two years later, a firm decision was made to begin the career of a professional artist. In Barcelona, he entered the Francisco Gali Academy. There, an acquaintance with the future assistant, master-ceramist Lawrence Artigas took place.
Joan became one of the best students of the institution. During his studies, in 1914 he created the first significant painting "Farmer". In 1920, Miro went to Paris. He spent several years in the city. Notable influence on the work of Joan had fashionable painters of Paris.
The first exhibition of the novice artist was held in 1928. It showed paintings that were later attributed to the genre of Catalan Fauvism. She failed.
Gaining oneself
Joan did not achieve much success during this time. A year later, the Courbet Group was founded. The ambitious talented youth challenged the traditional art of Spain. Joan's works from this time received new portions of poetic realism. This is especially noticeable in the "Landscape of Montroig". The prospect deepened noticeably, bright colors appeared in the details, superimposed with a thick layer, all the little things were drawn very carefully.
Poetic realism ended with the painting "Farm." In it, the master tried to convey the wealth of the world to his native Catalonia. For a long time no one wanted to buy a work. Ernest Hemingway bought it only by installments.
In France, an acquaintance with the poet Andre Breton, the author of the manifesto of surrealism. The idea of symbols and the unconscious shocked the young artist. He changed his usual manner of writing and began work in the genre of surrealism, giving his world authorial semi-fantastic features.
In 1925, a personal exhibition of Miro was held in Paris. This time, success exceeded all expectations. The line was at the entrance, the paintings were sold out instantly, critics vied with each other to praise the master. Immediately the name Miro became famous.
Family and painting
In 1932, he returned to Barcelona. The master did not find his place in the society of surrealists. The subject drawing has lost interest. Now the painter was interested in the music of color. He called the absence of recognizable figures a reflection of a spiritual state, a desire to get away from stereotypes. The approach has been approved.
With great success, the master was exhibited in Paris, America, Berlin and London. His exhibition was held in Barcelona. Pointless painting was surprisingly expressive. The outbreak of the Spanish Civil War caught the artist preparing a solo exhibition in Paris.
By that time, Miro had already arranged a personal life. Pilar Zhunkosa became his wife in 1929, a child was born in the family a year later, daughter Maria. Together with them, the master remained in France. In the thirties, the works "Painting", "Composition", "Reaper", "Still Life with an Old Shoe" were presented.
The fortieths were marked by the creation of a series of gouaches. When German troops entered France, the painter returned to Spain. He settled in Mallorca, the homeland of his wife. During this period, a cycle of paintings "Constellations" was created. His work "Constellation: Morning Star" was recognized as the highest achievement of the master.
