Yanka Bryl is the last of the writers from Belarus to receive recognition in the Soviet Union. He was last awarded the title of People's Writer of the BSSR in 1981. Our contemporaries are also well acquainted with his work, because Bryl’s novels really deserve attention.
Biography
Yanka Bryl (Ivan Antonovich Bryl) was born in 1917 on July 22 (according to the new style on August 4), in the city of Odessa, in the family of a railway worker. In 1922, the boy’s parents decided to return to their native places - to Western Belarus (then it belonged to Poland), to the village of Zagora (Zagorje), located in the Korelichi district of the Grodno region.
At the end of the Polish seven-year school in 1931, Janka entered the gymnasium, but soon he had to leave this educational institution, as his parents were not able to pay the cost of training. The young man did not give up and took up self-education.
The situation in the family was complicated due to the untimely death of his father, and at the age of 14, Bryl had to become the main breadwinner. Since 1938, it began to be published in the popular then-popular Belarusian magazine "Shlyakh Moladzi" (translated as "The Way of Youth"), which directly contained his poems and prose.
Janka was unable to avoid being drafted into the army, and in 1938 he joined the ranks of the Polish army, his service was in the Marine Corps. In the fall of 1939, Bryl was captured, it happened near Gdynia. He remained in captivity with the Germans until September 1941, he fled and soon joined the partisans from the Soviet Union. In October 1942, Bryl was awarded the title of a connected partisan brigade. Zhukov.
In March 1944, he was admitted to the Komsomolets brigade, a partisan reconnaissance, in July of the same year he became editor of the newspaper Stsyag Svabody (translated as the “Banner of Freedom”), managed by the Mir underground underground district committee of the CPSU (b). Also, his duties included editing the satirical leaflet "Partyzansky Zhigaly" (which in translation into Russian means "Partisan sting").
In October 1944, Bryl moved to Minsk, went to work for the editorial board of a poster called “Crush the Fascist Gadzina” (which means “Crush the Fascist Reptile”), and at the same time works as an editor in the magazines “Wozyk” (“Hedgehog”), "Maladosts" ("Youth"), "Polymya" ("Flame"), as well as in the State Publishing House of the Belarusian SSR. In many of Bryl’s works, one can feel the atmosphere of wartime, for example, in the novel “Birdies and Nests, ” the author describes in detail the events that happened to him and his compatriots during this difficult time.
In the period from 1966 to 1971, Bryl worked as secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the Belarusian SSR. He was twice elected a deputy of the Supreme Council of the Byelorussian SSR (first, from 1963 to 1967, the second time he was re-elected in 1980, the powers of the deputy ended in 1985).
From 1967 to 1990, Yanka Bryl was assigned the duties of the chairman of the Belarusian branch of the USSR-Canada Society. Since 1989, he becomes a member of the PEN Center, located there, in Belarus. Since 1994 she is an honorary member of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.
In 2006, July 25, Yanka Bryl died. His funeral took place in his homeland, in Kolodishchi.
Creation
The writer's career began in 1931, when he was 14 years old. For the first time, his works were published in the Vilnius Belarusian magazine "Shlyakh moladzі" ("The Way of Youth"). So, his compatriots got the opportunity to get acquainted with the works “Aposhnia krygі”, “Azhivayuts forest and field
", " Damage to sahu Rygor sivulyu
”, “ Spatkanne ”, which later became cult. He tried to write not only in Belarusian, there are a number of his works in Russian and Polish, but the vast majority of his works are still written in Belarusian.
In 1946, Bryl’s first book, Apavyadanni, was published. It included a number of stories, as well as the story "At Syam'і", in which the author acquaints readers with the life of the village of Western Belarus.
The year 1947 was marked by the appearance of a new collection of Yanka Bryl called "Nemansky Cossacks." In 1953, the story of the writer "Galya" was published, which readers rated very highly, the popularity of the story literally went wild.
Bryl could not ignore the theme of war, he often used it in his work. In 1958, his collection entitled "Nadpis on Zruba" was published, which included several works, the most famous of which is "Matzi", it is considered to be a classic of Belarusian literature.
Bryl’s work is multifaceted, among his many works you can find miniatures with a lyrical context, which were based on specific facts. They are often called essays; these small works differ in brevity and deep meaning. A special place in the work of the writer is occupied by collections of miniatures - "The Cakes of the Last Prom" (1965), "Vitrazh" (1972), "The Acrean of Bread" (1977), "Sionnya i Pamyat '(1985).
Folk writer out of format
Although Janka Bryl was given the title of people's writer, the fact that the writer did not recognize the Soviet system and did not belong to the party almost became the reason for the refusal to obtain this status. Pyotr Masherov, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, who highly appreciated Bryl’s talent, contrary to political considerations, agreed to confer on Ivan Antonovich the title of people's writer.
