Parliamentarism is a widespread system of society leadership in the world today. It implies the presence in the state of a higher representative body, the members of which are elected by the population. This management system is characterized by a separation of functions between the legislative and executive powers. Parliament in this case occupies a key position.
Parliament and parliamentarism
Parliamentarism has a long history. The first parliament appeared in England in the XIII century and was the body in which there was an estate representation. But such a mechanism of power gained real weight after the European bourgeois revolutions that took place in the XVII-XVIII centuries. Today, the term “parliament” is used to refer to all sorts of representative institutions.
The names of parliamentary structures are different. In the United States and some other American states, such a body is called Congress. In France, this is the National Assembly. In Ukraine - the Verkhovna Rada. The Russian representative body is called the Federal Assembly. Most democracies use their own national terms.
How the parliament works
Each parliament has its own structure. It usually consists of commissions and industry committees. In these divisions, all basic issues that are directly related to various aspects of society are resolved. The result of the work of the structural units are bills, which are subsequently submitted for consideration and approval of the entire parliament.
Parliaments are single and bicameral. Usually, those states that are built on the federal principle have representative bodies consisting of two chambers - the upper and lower. Traditionally, in most countries with a bicameral system, the upper house of parliament is called the Senate, and the lower house is called the Chamber of Deputies. Such a system allows us to find a compromise and balance between various groups seeking to gain political power.
