The ancient world has always aroused great interest in modern man precisely because of its remoteness in time. People who are not sophisticated in architecture and construction, and now do not understand too much how houses are being built, and they are afraid to even think about how they built in the ancient world, having neither modern technology nor advanced materials for construction. Meanwhile, many structures that are several thousand years old are still preserved.
Ancient Egypt
The peculiarity of the architecture of Ancient Egypt is that at the moment when the other peoples were still at the prehistoric stage, the Egyptians already possessed highly developed art, including architecture.
Another important feature is the absence of forests in Ancient Egypt. For this reason, houses were built from unbaked brick and stone (mainly from limestone, sandstone and granite, mined in the Nile Valley).
But all this concerned only palaces and tombs, but ordinary houses were built from ordinary Nile mud, which, drying out in the sun, became suitable for construction.
But, of course, when talking about construction in Ancient Egypt, people are usually interested in pyramid technology. The question of how exactly the ancient Egyptians managed to build such grandiose buildings in the absence of technology still occupies the minds of historians. There are several major versions to this effect.
Many historians agree that huge blocks for construction were cut down in quarries using copper tools - chisels, chisels, adzes. Then the blocks were supposed to be delivered to the construction site, and historians fiercely argue about how exactly this happened.
The most common version - the blocks were simply dragged, laying on platforms with rollers. For this purpose, special brick roads were built. The minus of this version is that the blocks weighing up to 300 tons, found in the pyramids, can not even pull away a huge number of people.
Not less questions are caused not only by the delivery of blocks, but also by raising them to a great height, as well as the composition of the bonding solution.
A lot of books have been written about the technologies of building the Egyptian pyramids and many documentaries have been shot, but no one has been able to find a definite answer.
Ancient Greece
In terms of geographical location, the ancient Greeks were much more lucky than the Egyptians - vast forests allowed them to greatly diversify their buildings, they made ceilings and beams of wood, roofing, and in the early stages even traditional columns.
The Greeks built rich houses, temples and palaces from stone of different breeds. For example, Pentelian marble was used to build the Acropolis.
The construction technology of simple residential houses did not differ much from the Egyptian one - they were built of brick, but the Greeks began to use more durable burnt brick. The walls built of bricks were often tiled.
When erecting structures made of stone, the Greeks did not use fastening solutions, they used the dry masonry method, fastening the structures with metal brackets for protection against earthquakes, wooden veneers and spikes. All decorative elements were carried out after the main construction works, only tiles and tiles were made in advance. Refinement, bringing the structure to perfection was carried out from top to bottom, as the scaffolds and forests were dismantled.
