Events in Ukraine and the threat of economic sanctions from the United States and EU countries have shown that the main strategic resource of the economy of any country - the domestic consumer market - is occupied by foreign manufacturers. Can our country, if necessary, do without imported goods?
Light industry
The development of the country's agrarian complex requires massive support from the state. The fact is that investments in agriculture are long-term. So, for example, the first results in the growth of beef production can be seen no earlier than in three years. However, in 2013, the government did a lot in this area - the volume of state financing of the agrarian industry amounted to 268 billion rubles, and the volume of agricultural production exceeded the mark of 6%.
The situation with the release of consumer goods is much simpler. Here, the payback period is much shorter even for productions with technologically complex processes. So, to launch the production of domestic household appliances, clothes, shoes, components, etc. a year will be enough.
Production areas
Significant investments are required to organize new production. The owners of city-forming enterprises will have money for starting new plants, and if they are not enough, the state can support them using such mechanisms as subsidizing interest rates, grants, preferential transfer of state assets and state guarantees for loans.
You can take advantage of the experience of Poland, where an investor must invest at least 100 thousand euros in a period of 5 years or more, or pay attention to the mechanisms used in South Korea, where the minimum investment is 5 million dollars.
The territories in which new industrial enterprises open are most often declared as special economic zones (SEZs). Today in Russia there are 28 such zones. If the government considers it unnecessary to create new SEZs, then we can again turn to the experience of Polish manufacturers, where territories with new production enterprises are included in the existing SEZ. And, for example, in South Korea, any territory the development of which takes place with the participation of foreign investors is assigned the status of a local "mini-SEZ".
Why do we need special economic zones?
Special economic zones are called special ones because working in them is much more profitable than in any other territory. Koreans, for example, completely exempt their foreign investors from paying any taxes for a period of 5 years, and the next 2 years provide a tax discount of 50%.
In India and Brazil, companies operating in the SEZ do not pay tax on the import of goods - this allows them to spend the money saved on the development of industrial production. Also, such entrepreneurs are exempt from income tax, duties and export taxes for a period of 10 years.
In Turkey, in addition to exempting entrepreneurs from income tax, the income of employees working at the enterprise is also not subject to taxation, and benefits are also provided for paying utility bills.
In Vietnam, no income tax is levied during the first 4 years of operation, and the next 9 years, the tax is paid by entrepreneurs at a reduced rate of 5%.
