Hyksos (Hyksos) - this is the name of the conquerors of Egypt, probably of semitic origin, who invaded from Asia the Nile Delta at the end of the reign of the XIII dynasty, around 1075 BC. The story of the Hicks invasion is given by Manetho in the second book.
Manefol interprets the name "hyksas" as "shepherd kings"; however, it is more correctly understood as the Greek distortion of the Egyptian term "rulers of the countries." Manefon’s story about the invasion of the Hicks is in the nature of a folk story and, giving a generally true tradition, cannot be considered a reliable historical monument.
Monuments ascending directly to the Hykses themselves are extremely few; they were found in Egypt, in the south near Tapestry, in southern Palestine, in Mesopotamia and in Crete. This indicates that the influence (if not sovereignty) of the Hicks spread over an extremely vast territory. The Hicks invasion went from the North. On the north-eastern border of Egypt, on the caravan route to Syria, they founded a fortified point, mountains. Avaris and, according to the Manethon, imposed tribute to all of Egypt, "overthrowing what was done."
Their dominance continued, taking into account the latest scientific data, not 500 years (Manetho), but only about 150 years. An attempt to overthrow the yoke of the Gyxes was made from the south by the rulers of Thebes, the three Pharaohs of Sechenenra, who ruled successively one after another.
Only the first king of the next XVIII dynasty, Yahmes I, who continued the persecution of the exiled enemy outside the country, to the south, managed to finally displace the Gyks from their stronghold - Avaris. Palestine, Syria and Phenicia.
The Hykses survived the onslaught in southern Palestine for 6 years; this makes us assume that they owned both Syria and Palestine.
