Depending on the composition of the instruments, the orchestras differ in expressive, timbre and dynamic capabilities. On this basis, a large and a small symphony orchestra, chamber, wind, pop, jazz orchestra and folk instrument orchestra are distinguished.
Instruction manual
1
The traditional modern symphony orchestra consists of six groups of instruments, such as: stringed and stringed, woodwinds, brass, percussion, keyboard and additional musical instruments. Up to 110 musicians play in a large symphony orchestra, and up to 50 in a small orchestra. The conductor, who manages the artistic interpretation of the musical work, conducts the collective.
2
Stringed bow instruments form the basis of a symphony orchestra. They are the bearers of the melodic beginning of the musical composition. The instruments of this group are similar in appearance and timbre, and the sound is extracted using the bow. The expressive sound of the violin is central in the group and throughout the orchestra. Alt differs from the violin in a slightly larger size and more muffled, matte sound. The cello in appearance follows the contours of the violin, but it is much larger than her. The cello is not held on the shoulder, like the previous two instruments, but rested on a stand. This instrument has a low, but velvet and noble sound. The double bass exceeds in size not only all the above instruments of the group, but also the height of the person, therefore they play on it while sitting. The double bass sound is low and humming.
3
The groups of woodwind instruments comprise: a voiced flute, an oboe with a rich warm sound, a clarinet with a variety of timbres, a bass, hoarse bassoon in sound and having the lowest timbre from the counterbassoon group. This group got its name thanks to the material from which they are made, wood, and the method of extracting sound, blowing air.
4
For the manufacture of instruments of the group of brass instruments, metals with a high copper content are used. Their introduction is characterized by a powerful, solemn, bright sound. The sonorous “voice” of the trumpet often plays the solo part. The horn traditionally sounds in pastoral music. During the climax in the work, the trombone plays its part. The tuba has the lowest sound.
5
Percussion instruments combines the method of sound extraction - percussion. But by the nature of the sound, they are all different. Their main task is to emphasize the rhythm, enhance the sound of the orchestra, add expressiveness. In the orchestra you can find such percussion instruments: timpani, bass and snare drums, tambourine, cymbals and triangles, bells, xylophone.
6
A key group is characterized by the presence of white and black keys for each instrument. Among them are: organ, clavichord, harpsichord, piano. Often they are single in the orchestra.
7
To perform certain works, the orchestra includes a string-plucked instrument with a gentle, transparent timbre - a harp. She gives a note of magic to a piece of music.
