Research planning is necessary to determine its organizational characteristics, calculate the necessary funds, allocate resources and establish control methods. The plan itself is nothing more than a sequence of activities that solve the goal set for the researchers. At the same time, not every problem is solved by the sequential implementation of each of the stages. Therefore, the research plan should also include methods for solving problems.
Instruction manual
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The design of the study begins with the choice of methodology for collecting source data. The choice of methodology depends on what kind of research is planned to be carried out. If this is a sociological or psychological study, then the information is obtained by a survey method. At the same time, research planning will primarily involve the method of interviewing, as well as the compilation of questionnaires and questionnaires.
Research in the field of basic and applied sciences is usually carried out according to proven patterns, which can be found in the guidelines of research institutes. Any specific research in these areas is highly dependent on the goals and equipment used, as well as on the particular methodology of each of the sciences.
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After choosing the method of data collection, they begin to develop questions for the questionnaires. This does not concern the planning of scientific research, where non-social processes are studied, and in the humanities, most of the experiments are carried out in this way. The algorithm for compiling questions for such a study looks like this:
1. The definition of the objectives of the survey.
2. Development of questions, the answers to which can become the object of analysis.
3. Monitoring of the selected issues, their assessment, testing on representative focus groups and coordination with the customer of the study.
Then the selected questions are entered into the questionnaire, and the questionnaire usually consists of three parts:
1. Introduction - questions related to attracting and retaining attention, creating interest among respondents in the survey.
2. The requisite part - the date of the survey, its time, information about the respondent.
3. The main part, the planning of which should pay attention to the number of questions, their sequence. In addition, the availability of control questions should be provided.
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To answer the question of how to correctly draw up a research plan, one should proceed from the statement that its main goal is to solve the tasks set by the organizers. This should be seen even when planning, namely, at the stage of analysis of the data.
Survey data are raw and unprocessed, so they need analysis. In this regard, they must be presented in matrix form - entered in special tables indicating the types of answers and the frequency of each of them. Then a statistical analysis is carried out - average values, correlation and regression ratios are determined, and emerging trends are also noted. The organization of data analysis activities should be fully spelled out in the plan.
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The last step in the planning and organization of the study is the formulation of conclusions and recommendations. At the planning stage, it is necessary to determine in what form the results will be presented. Conclusions are written only on the basis of the results of the study, and in preparing recommendations, knowledge that is beyond the scope of the study can be used.
