Modern Russia arose on the wreckage of the former Soviet Union and largely preserved the features of the former social system. Having become an independent state, the Russian Federation faced many social, economic and political problems. At the present stage of development, it is important to create the conditions for sustainable development and the foundations of civil society in the country.
Instruction manual
1
One of the features of Russia's political development is the search for ways to form a stable political system. There is still a debate in society about whether the country should develop according to the European and American models, or whether it should follow the original Russian path. At present, Russia, in its political development, is striving to build a balanced state governance structure based on combining the advantages of presidential rule with parliamentary activity.
2
In the two decades since the collapse of the USSR, Russia has firmly embarked on the path of capitalist development. Enterprises based on private property appeared in the country, the number of small owners and those engaged in individual entrepreneurial activity increased. At the same time, the level of industrial production is growing at a slow pace, many large enterprises are closing down, freeing up labor. The main source of wealth for the state remains natural energy resources sold abroad.
3
The state in its domestic policy declares the priority of the social sphere. However, the concern for improving the living standards of the population often turns into empty promises and projects that are not backed up by real deeds and financing. The level of registered unemployment in Russia in September 2013 amounted to almost 5.3% and has a tendency to increase. The employment situation is aggravated by competition from labor migrants from the CIS countries, which significantly increases social tension not only in the capital, but also in the regions.
4
Over the past two decades, under the influence of economic reforms, a new social structure of society has begun to take shape. The number of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, as well as those engaged in services and trade, has increased. Experts note the existence of more than a tenfold gap between the income level of the richest and poorest Russians. The population of Russia is slowly declining, despite government measures to stimulate fertility.
5
In a long crisis are the culture, education and science of Russia. This is due to the fact that these institutions of society are not able to establish guidelines that can become the basis for the formation of an ideology that can unite people of different social levels. Against the background of the search for a national idea, public associations of citizens and other elements of the structure of civil society are developing more and more actively, which demonstrates the growing interest of citizens of the country in the political and social processes taking place in it.
