Making international documents, as well as translating texts from Russian into English, you may encounter the problem of transferring Russian names and surnames in Latin letters. Since the sound composition of Russian and English is different, this task requires compliance with certain rules.
Instruction manual
1
Most of the Russian letters are transmitted in similar pronunciation pronunciation Latin letters. This, for example, the letters A (A), B (B), C (V), G (G), D (D), E (E), Z (Z), And (I), K (K), A (L), M (M), H (N), O (O), P (P), P (R), C (S), T (T), Y (U), Φ (F).
For example, the name Boris is transcribed in Latin letters as Boris.
2
Please note that the Russian letter P and the Latin letter P (pronounced "p") are spelled the same, but are pronounced differently, like Russian B and Latin B (pronounced "b"). Latin C is written in the same way as Russian C, and it is often read in English, however, in the transcription of Russian words it is used only when transmitting hissing.
3
The letters Ж, Х, Ч, Ш, Щ, are transmitted by combinations of two or more letters. W corresponds to the Latin ZH, X - KH, C - TS, H - CH, W - SH, U - SHCH.
For example, the surname Zhurikhina is transmitted in Latin letters as Zhurikhina.
4
The letter E is transcribed in the same way as E, that is, the Latin letter E. The name Edward should be written in English Eduard.
5
The letters Y, YU, Y are transmitted by diphthongs IO, IU, IA, if they are followed by consonants. However, after vowels or at the beginning of a word, they can be transcribed by combinations of YO, YU, YA. For example, Sinyavin is Siniavin, but Yakovlev is Yakovlev.
E after sizzling is transmitted as O (for example, “Black” - Chorny), or replaced by E (in this version, the surname turns into Cherny).
6
The letters b and b are not transcribed at all, for example, "Melnikov" - Melnikov. However, sometimes an apostrophe is put between the consonants instead: Mel'nikov. If the b sign is between the vowel and consonant, then it is transcribed with the letter I, for example, Zinoviev - Zinoviev.
7
The letter Y is usually conveyed by the Latin letter Y. For example, "Sytin" - Sytin.
The same letter is used to transmit the Russian Y, for example, "Hares" - Zaytsev.
8
Particular attention should be paid to the endings of names and surnames, since in these cases the transcription rules may change somewhat. The endings of "s" and "s" are usually given as -ov and -ev, respectively. However, the old English tradition of transcribing such names requires the endings -off and -eff. This can create difficulties when comparing English and international documents. The ending "-i" is always transcribed as -i. The ending "-th" turns into -yi. For example, "Yuri Malevany" - Yuri Malevanyi.
