By virtue of its peculiarities, a poem is a work more difficult to analyze than prose. In particular, the brevity, a greater number of artistic transfers of meanings, as well as metaphors and other forms, makes thinking of any verse for quite a long time. At the same time, any prose work, as a rule, is more understandable to the reader, since the theme and plot, as well as heroes and ideas, are clearly drawn in it.
So, to do an analysis of the poem, it is necessary to highlight its theme. It can be lyrics, that is, a work is dedicated to love and feelings, it can be a description of nature (landscape), it can be a philosophy (reasoning about the meaning of being and other categories), and a poem can also be devoted to socially significant problems.
The next point in the analysis is the plot. It may not be if the poem is dedicated to feelings. Then, most likely, you will read a description of those, although a line of relationships will most likely be traced to them. Nevertheless, if there are no events in the poem, focusing on the plot is optional.
To make an analysis of a poem, it is important to determine its size. Perhaps this is the most difficult part for those who have not studied the theory of literature. The most common sizes are iambic, trochee, dactyl, amphibrach and anapaest. Their differences consist in the number of syllables per line, as well as in the placement of stress, which makes up the rhythm of the verse as a whole.
The frequency of the rhyme may also differ, which must be indicated when analyzing the verse. It can be paired (when two lines rhyme in a row), ring (rhyme 1 and 4 lines, as well as 2nd and 3rd) and cross (even and odd lines rhyme).
When analyzing a poem, it is important to point out the used artistic images, ways of expressing them, stylistic figures and paths. These include epithets, allegories, metaphors, hyperbolas, etc. Reinforcements and other revolutions also help to enhance the effect and place emphasis.
The stylistic direction of the work should be taken into account. It may be romanticism, but today modernism, futurism, and other modern trends are often found.
