Magnitsky’s list is a list of Russian citizens who have been sanctioned for violating human rights and the rule of law. The persons listed in it are prohibited from entering the United States and financial relations with US citizens. Magnitsky’s lists also exist in the EU and Great Britain.
Instruction manual
1
Sergei Leonidovich Magnitsky (1972-2009) - an auditor who worked in the consulting company Firestone Duncan, under the leadership of William Browder. On November 24, 2008, he was arrested on charges of assisting the head of the fund, William Browder, in tax evasion in Russia. The arrest was made at the initiative of police lieutenant colonel Artem Kuznetsov, in respect of whom an inspection of the department of internal security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation had previously been launched. Earlier, in October 2008, about ten days before the arrest, Sergei Magnitsky gave evidence related to the crimes of Artem Kuznetsov, who was part of a group of persons involved in large-scale tax fraud.
2
In July 2008, Sergei Magnitsky discovered enormous theft of public funds through a "tax refund." He began his own investigation and managed to unravel the criminal scheme with tax fraud, which was initiated by law enforcement officials. The amount stolen by them from the state budget, according to Magnitsky, amounted to 5.4 billion rubles.
3
11 months after being taken into custody on November 16, 2009, Sergei Magnitsky died in the hospital of the pre-trial detention center. It follows from the conclusion of the Moscow Public Monitoring Commission that during his stay in custody - about 358 days - Magnitsky wrote 450 complaints about the permanent violation of the laws on detention.
4
In recent months, while in the territory of the Butyrka prison, he also made about 20 requests for medical assistance in connection with attacks of calculous cholecystitis or acute pancreatitis. He was denied medical assistance. On November 16, 2009, Sergei Magnitsky was transferred from Butyrskaya Prison to Matrosskaya Tishina Prison Hospital, where instead of providing medical care, they put a straitjacket on him and handcuffed him to a bed in a solitary confinement. After 1 hour 30 minutes, after the "procedure", the defendant died.
5
In December 2012, the United States passed the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act, which imposes personal sanctions on those responsible for violating human rights and the rule of law. According to this law, any individuals responsible for violating the International Convention on Human Rights may be included in the list of those to whom personal restrictive sanctions may be applied.
6
First of all, the execution of this law included those Russian citizens who were allegedly involved in the death of Sergei Magnitsky. They are subject to visa restrictions on entry into the United States and penalties for their financial assets in US banks. The list has two parts: open and closed. The State Department and the presidential administration may change each of them at their discretion. Following the United States, its list was formed by the UK and the EU.
7
The initial list, compiled in the United States and published on April 12, includes those who were directly responsible for the death of Sergei Magnitsky - only 18 people. Among them are officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, the Federal Tax Service, judges of the Criminal and Arbitration Courts, the General Prosecutor's Office and the FSIN.
8
In May 2014, the list was expanded by another 12 people - those who were directly related to the investigation, and to the posthumous trial of Sergei Magnitsky. The list also includes doctors of the pre-trial detention center in which he was detained, as well as persons involved in his own investigation against the Interior Ministry. Additions were also made to the closed part of the list, not subject to publication.
9
Entered the Magnitsky List, Russian citizens are denied entry to the United States, their bank accounts are frozen and US citizens are prohibited from entering into financial and business relations with the persons involved in the list.
10
In April 2013, the British Interior Ministry banned the entry into the country of 60 Russian citizens related to the case of Sergei Magnitsky. The list of the British Ministry of Internal Affairs was based on the list of the American Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe.
eleven
The Magnitsky International List remains open. Subsequently, it may include any person suspected of violating the International Bill of Human Rights (UN) and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (EU).
