The prosecutor's office is a federal agency that oversees compliance with the laws of the Russian Federation, at almost all levels. His powers include functions that make it possible to exercise unhindered control over the basic services that guard the rights of citizens.
The government system, like any other, needs to be controlled. This is what the agency called the prosecutor’s office does. Any citizen can take the opportunity to protect their rights and honor by contacting this department, both at the place of residence and at the federal level.
What is the prosecutor's office - definition
The prosecutor’s office is a systematic federal body that oversees compliance with constitutional articles on behalf of the state. Either the prosecutor general or the president of the Russian Federation oversees the activities of the system.
The functional, powers and main tasks of the department are regulated by article 1 of the federal law "On the prosecutor's office, " more precisely, by its second paragraph. It says that the prosecutor’s office should monitor
- ensuring law in all its directions,
- the validity of new bills in relation to the authorities and citizens,
- respect for the freedoms and rights of citizens of the country both on its territory and abroad,
- possible violations of the rights of citizens and the state and suppress them.
The prosecutor's office is an independent department and does not belong to any of the existing branches of government - the executive, legislative, and judicial. Prosecutors have the right to conduct checks regarding the legality of the activities of any citizens, representatives of the government, police, courts, social organizations of all types - medical, educational and others. Both ordinary citizens and officials, members of the government, police officers, and bailiffs of all levels, from regional to federal, must comply with the prosecutor’s instructions.
History of the creation of the department
The very concept of "prosecutor's office" has Latin roots and literally translates as care, prevent, provide. The first mention of such a state-level body dates back to 1302. The retinue of the king of France included a prosecutor whose duty was to note all violations of the law and convey information to the monarch.
In Russia, the prosecutor's office was created by Peter I in 1722. The emperor set clear goals for the new department - to get rid of evil, the origins of which are lawlessness and lawlessness, bribery and disorder in the state system.
The decree of January 12 identified the main branches of the prosecutor's office and their leaders:
- Attorney General
- Chief Prosecutor
- collegiate level prosecutors.
Pavel Ivanovich Yaguzhinsky stood at the head of the procuracy of the Senate of Russia. It was on his shoulders that a high responsibility was entrusted - to report to the sovereign about the cases submitted to the department and keep a report on the performance of their duties by prosecutors of all levels.
The powers of the prosecutor
The authority of the department is listed in Articles 22 and 27 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On the Prosecutor's Office". In the process of ensuring the legality of all areas of activity and protecting the interests of individuals and legal entities, prosecutors
- supervise the implementation of legislative acts,
- control the activities of judicial, ministerial, executive, legislative and other departments at any level,
- are involved in monitoring the protection of the rights of citizens
- track the activities of operational investigative, investigative and investigative bodies,
- monitor the work of administrative services and institutions where prisoners are held,
- make rulings for illegal judgments,
- accept and consider citizens' appeals about lawlessness in relation to them,
- are engaged in criminal prosecution and the fight against crime, including organized crime.
Prosecutors are obliged to accept applications from citizens without delay, and cannot put obstacles in this regard, instantly respond to complaints, institute administrative and criminal proceedings, and conduct search and investigative measures within their framework. The Office has the proper authority to carry out these duties - prosecutors have the right to visit any territory, get acquainted with documentation and interview participants in conflicts.
Office structure
The prosecutor's office is a centralized system of bodies, branches (institutions), with a clearly defined principle of subordination to subordinate higher. All steps taken to reorganize, abolish, or form new departments in its composition, to determine their status and competence, are necessarily consistent with the chief prosecutor of the Russian Federation.
The system includes:
- Prosecutor General's Office (federal),
- prosecutor's office of state entities (regional),
- city or district prosecutor's office (territorial),
- specialized prosecutors - military, transport, environmental and others,
- educational and scientific departments of the prosecutor's office,
- print media and editorial offices.
Representatives of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation function at the level of federal districts. Employees for service in them and heads of departments are selected and appointed directly by the head of the department.
Legal status and responsibility of prosecutors
The legal status of prosecutors is regulated by the specifics of their duties, tasks assigned to the department by law and the state. Prosecutors have law enforcement status. A number of strict requirements are imposed on job seekers in the prosecutor's office:
- Russian citizenship
- the availability of higher education in the field of jurisprudence,
- accreditation received at the state level,
- certain moral qualities.
The legal status of the employees of this department is quite high, and if a citizen is hired by the prosecutor, he receives certain benefits, rights, and appropriate social security. All this is enshrined in federal laws. In addition, the prosecutor is legally endowed with much greater powers than representatives of the investigative-investigative bodies.
But the responsibility on prosecutors is quite high. For the use of their professional freedoms and rights for personal mercenary purposes, employees of the department bear a much more serious punishment than others. The most insignificant acts are strictly punished - untimely or improper fulfillment of one’s duties, prejudice against citizens who applied to the prosecutor’s office for help, immoral behavior. The department has a system of penalties for such violations - from reprimands to fines and dismissal.
