Federal law is a regulatory legal act issued by the federal legislative body of the Russian Federation and regulating the most important and fundamental aspects of public relations and public life.
Instruction manual
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A normative legal act is an act containing legal norms, that is, rules governing certain aspects of public relations. Normative acts are divided into laws and by-laws.
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The law is an act of higher legal force, containing rules governing the most important aspects of public and state life, and designed for repeated application. The law is adopted exclusively by the legislative authorities of the Russian Federation. The law adopted by the Federal Assembly is federal and is valid throughout the state; The law adopted by the regional parliament is the law of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation and is effective only within the borders of the corresponding region.
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A subordinate act is an act based on the norms of the law, issued and applied by executive authorities on the basis of and pursuant to the provisions of the law. By legal force, the by-law is lower than the law and must be contrary to its norms.
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The laws in the Russian Federation include the Constitution, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, laws of constituent entities of the Russian Federation. By-laws are decrees of the President, government decrees, orders, regulations of federal ministries, departments, services, resolutions of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
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Federal law is a normative legal act dedicated to the most important aspects of the economic, social, political life of society and the state. The list of the most important social relations by which federal laws are adopted is indicated in the Constitution of the Russian Federation - this is the establishment of a system of federal government bodies, the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms, the foundations of the economic, social, cultural, tax, budgetary, financial policies of Russia, defense, security, public service, foreign policy, protection of the state border, criminal, civil law, etc. federal laws include, for example, the law "On police "- regulating the activities of this law enforcement body, or the law" On Education "- establishing the legal basis for education in the Russian Federation. Codes of the Russian Federation, for example, Criminal, Civil or Labor, are also federal laws.
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By law, federal law is superior to all other normative acts of the Russian Federation, with the exception of the Constitution, federal constitutional laws, as well as international law. The prefix "federal" means that the norms of federal law are binding on the entire territory of the Russian Federation, in all its constituent entities. When the law of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation is contrary to federal law, the legal effect is higher than the norm of federal law, with the exception of cases specified in paragraph 6 of Article 76 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
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The procedure for adopting a federal law is called the legislative process and is regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. The law is adopted and entered into force on the territory of the Russian Federation when it is submitted for consideration to both chambers of the Federal Assembly (the State Duma and the Federation Council), considered by the chambers, adopted by them, and then signed and promulgated by the President of the Russian Federation.
