The Catholic Church is one of the Apostolic Churches, which is characterized primarily by the dogma of the descent of the Holy Spirit not only from the Father, but also from the Son - filioque, as well as the dogma of the infallibility of the Pope.
Where did catholicism come from
Initially, the ancient Christian church was united and divided into departments of seniority. The oldest of the departments was occupied by the Roman bishop - the Pope, since it was a city where the first apostles Peter and Paul preached and died a martyrdom. But after the transfer of the imperial capital from Rome to the so-called "new Rome" - Constantinople, contradictions between the departments began to arise regarding the status of the Roman bishop.
By the number of believers, Catholicism is by far the largest denomination among Christianity. The number of Catholics exceeds one billion people.
Faith continued to be alone, and traditions began to differ greatly over time. For example, a Catholic prelate or monk shaved his beard, and for the Byzantine, this was a sign of a homosexual. Differences went in the service. The contradictions ripened for several centuries, until Rome introduced a particular dogma, which remains to this day a stumbling block between churches - this is the dogma of the descent of the Holy Spirit "and from the Son" - filioque.
For several centuries the church continued to be united even despite this dogma, but different development paths of the East and West led to the mutual anathematization of Rome and Constantinople and the final separation of the churches.
